Depression Flashcards

Question

Outline the triad of impairments

Answer 1

Negative view of the self ("I am incompetent and undeserving") Negative view of the world ("It is a hostile place") Negative view of the future ("Problems will not disappear, there will always be emotional pain") Well this made me feel worse

Answer 2

Result of rational thinking He argues that there are common irrational beliefs that underlie much depression (poor mental health) and sufferers have based their lives on these beliefs e.g. "I must be successful, competent and achieving in everything I do if I am to consider myself worthwhile" phew this means i am not at risk of depression cos i do everything perfectly at all times. that was a close one

Answer 3

A - actional is affected by B - an individual's belief which results in C - a consequence -If beliefs are subject to cognitive biases (in the same way as Beck's) then they can cause irrational thinking which may produce undesirable behaviours

Answer 4

Situations in which irrational thoughts are triggered by external events We get depressed when we experience negative events and these events trigger irrational beliefs

Answer 5

Irrational -We must always succeed or achieve perfection This is called musturbation. ik. so cheeky -"I can't-stand-it-itis" - whenever something does not go smoothly, it is a disaster -Utopianism - life is always meant to be fair

Answer 6

When an activating event triggers irrational beliefs, there are emotional and behavioural consequences

Answer 7

Much research has supported the proposal that depression is associated with faulty info processing, negative self-schemas and the triad of impairments Graziolo and Terry (2000) assessed 65 pregnant women for cognitive vulnerability and depression before and after birth Those high in cognitive vulnerability were more likely to suffer post-natal depression

Answer 8

Research on depression They concluded that there was solid support for all these cognitive vulnerability factors The cognitions can be seen before depression develops

Answer 9

Beck's cognitive explanation forms the basis of CBT All cognitive aspects of depression can be challenged in CBT

Answer 10

Doesn't explain all aspects of depression Explains basic symptoms of depression but it is a complex disorder with a range of symptoms, not all of which can be explained e.g. cotard syndrome - the delusion that you are a zombie ("Controlled" - directed by Avani and Elishka who?!)

Answer 11

Only offers a partial explanation Some depression does occur as a result of activating event (e.g. reactive depression) but not all depression arises as a result of an obvious cause Does not explain why some people experience anger associated with their depression or why some suffer hallucinations and delusions

Answer 12

Has practical application in CBT Like Beck's explanation it has led to successful therapy Irrational negative beliefs are challenged and this can help to reduce depressive symptoms suggesting that the irrational beliefs had some role in the depression (lipsky et al.1980)

Answer 13

Cognitive explanations for depression share idea that cognition causes depression Idea that emotions are influenced by cognition Other theories of depression see emotion as stored, similarly to physical energy, to emerge some time after its causal event

Answer 14

There is a link between insecure attachment to parents and vulnerability to depression in adulthood

Answer 15

Psychological treatment for depression as well as anxiety, panic, phobias, stress, bulimia, OCD, PTSD, bipolar, etc ik what ur thinking...BEEN THERE DONE THAT BOUGHT THE TSHIRT STUCK THE MAGNET ON THE FRIDGE Based on behavioural and cognitive techniques Therapists aim to make client aware of relationship between thought, emotional and actions Can help change how ppl think and what they do Can make ppl feel better Challenges negative thoughts

Answer 16

Cognitive - talking (psychotherapy) about how you think about yourself,the world and other ppl and how what you do affects your thoughts and feelings Behavioural - behavioural activation - encourages patients to engage in those activities they are avoiding

Answer 17

YOU IT WANTS TO TASTE UR TEARS nah das just me Helps to break the vicious circle of maladaptive thinking, feelings and behaviour

Answer 18

The 'here and now' problems/difficulties Instead of focusing on causes of distress or symptoms in the past, looks for ways to improve the state of mind now When parts of the sequence are clearly outlined and understood, they can be changed Aims to get person to a point where they can 'DIY' and work out own ways to tackle their issues

Answer 19

Assessment of client Formulation of goals Treatment (give client hw and monitor them until improvement is seen) Treatment complete

Answer 20

With extra cheese and a spinach salad on the side He developed a therapy to challenge the negative triad (beliefs) of the client 1. First client will be assessed to discover the severity of their condition 2. Therapist will establish a baseline (or starting point A STIMULUS MISS HAZELL UR WELCOME) prior to treatment to help monitor improvement

Answer 21

Client is asked to provide info about how they perceive themselves, future and the world Therapist uses a process of reality testing, e.g. CLIENT: I AM USELESS. TIS TRUE I ALWAYS FAIL. THERAPIST: HAVE U ACC BEEN SUCCESSFUL AT SMTH IN REALITY U LITTLE SHIT. -Therapist might then ask client to do something to demonstrate their ability to succeed Helps think more +ively Beliefs are directly challenged and so irrational ideas replaced with more optimistic and rational ones

Answer 22

Extends the ABC model to an ABCDE model D = dispute (challenge the thoughts) E = effect (see a more beneficial effect on thought and behaviour) -Therefore central technique of REBT is to identify and dispute the patient's irrational thoughts

Answer 23

Premise that whenever we become upset it is not the events taking place in our lives that upset us but the beliefs that we hold that cause us to become depressed, anxious, enraged, etc

Answer 24

Make impossible demands on person Leads to anxiety, failure and psychological difficulty

Answer 25

The client to prove these statements and then replace them with more reasonable realistic statements (empirical disputing/logical disputing)

Answer 26

"I am worthless unless I am competent at everything I try" "I must be approved of and loved by everyone I meet" "It is easier to avoid difficulties and responsibilities than to face them" Bonus: "I will never be as good as avani at anything i do. damn i wish i was as hot as elishka" sucks to b u ig

Answer 27

Wanted to discover if people with psychological problems had irrational attitudes

Answer 28

2 groups of participants were asked if they agreed with the following statements identified by Ellis as irrational: a)"It is essential that one be loved or approved of by virtually everyone in the community" b)"One must be perfectly competent, adequate and achieving in order to consider oneself worthwhile" 1 group consisted of people who had been diagnosed with anxiety Other group had no psychological problems (OR SO THEY SAY), defined as 'normal'...how rude

Answer 29

65% of anxious participants agreed with statement a) compared to 2% of non-anxious participants For statement b) 80% of anxious participants agreed, compared to 25% of non-anxious participants Conclusion = people with emotional problems think in irrational ways kinda bold if u ask me ANOTHER

Answer 30

Very das gr8 ig Effective in reducing symptoms of depression and in preventing relapse and there is a large body of evidence to support this (March et al. 2007) march. when was he born AHAHA CLASSIC Fava et al. (1994) states - as effective as antidepressants for many types of depression

Answer 31

327 adolescents: after 36 weeks 81% of both CBT group and antidepressant group had 86% of combined treatment showed improved symptoms

Answer 32

Keller et al. (2000) Recovery rates (from depression): 55% drugs alone 52% CBT alone 85% when used together LESSON LEARNT: TAKE VALIUM YUMMY

Answer 33

May not work for the most severe cases In some cases depression may be so severe that patients cannot motivate themselves to engage in therapy In these cases it is possible to treat the patient with antidepressants and then CBT can commence a later date This is therefore a limitation as it means that CBT cannot be used as the sole treatment in all cases

Answer 34

Success may be due to therapist-patient relationship Research shows little difference between CBT and other forms of psychotherapy May be the quality of the therapist-patient relationship that makes the difference to the success of the treatment rather than the treatment itself Simply having the opportunity to talk to someone who will listen could be what matters most *enuf to make a grown man cry

Answer 35

Over-emphasis on cognition Risk in focusing on what is happening in the mind of the individual may end up minimising the importance of the circumstances the individual is living in Thus an ethical issue for cognitive behavioural therapists here, and is important for therapists to keep in mind that not all problems are in the mind (McCusker 2014) yet again another unfortunate name

Depression Flashcards

(59 cards)