Derm summary 2 Flashcards
(9 cards)
What does the ICE framework in dermatological history taking stand for?
I – Ideas: What the patient thinks is wrong
C – Concerns: What the patient is worried about
E – Expectations: What they hope will happen
What general history elements should be considered in dermatological assessment?
- Onset and duration
- Travel history (infection risk)
- Contact history (e.g., scabies)
- Previous/family skin conditions
- Medications (drug rashes)
- General health and immune status
What does the SOCRATES framework assess in lesion evaluation?
S – Site
O – Onset
C – Character
R – Radiation
A – Associations
T – Time course
E – Exacerbating/Relieving factors
S – Severity
What skin features are assessed during visual and physical examination?
- Temperature (warmth = inflammation/infection)
- Texture (smooth, scaly, crusted)
- Distribution (localised/generalised, symmetrical, bilateral, grouped)
- Lesion types
- Colour
- Skin tone variations
- Changes (bleeding, trauma, crusting, etc.)
List and describe at least five common lesion types.
- Macule: flat, colored
- Papule: raised
- Vesicle: small blister
- Pustule
- Plaque
- Nodule
- Ulcer
What factors should be considered regarding skin tone in dermatological exams?
Consider variations in erythema, pigmentation, and scaling across different skin types
What are the red flags that warrant referral in dermatology?
- Systemic illness (fever, chills)
- Rapidly spreading rash (e.g., cellulitis)
- Severe pain disproportionate to appearance
- Facial/genital involvement
- No response to treatment
- Recurrent/extensive infections
- Suspected malignancy (ABCDE)
- Widespread drug eruptions (SJS/TEN)
What does the ABCDE mnemonic for melanoma stand for?
A – Asymmetry
B – Border irregularity
C – Color variation
D – Diameter >6mm
E – Evolution (changes over time)
What parameters and thresholds in NEWS2 indicate sepsis risk?
Respiratory rate: <8 or >25
O2 saturation: <92%
BP: Systolic <90 mmHg
Heart rate: <40 or >131 bpm
Temperature: <35 or >38.5°C
Consciousness: Confusion, drowsiness
