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MRCP > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What is characteristic about dermatophyte (ringworm, tinea) infections?

A

Annular appearance

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2
Q

What is the finding on Z Neehson stain in multibacillary leprosy

A

Acid fast bacilli

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3
Q

What drugs exacerbate psoroiasis

A

B blockers, antimalarials and lithium

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4
Q

What rash is most associated with mycoplasma pnuemonia

A

Erythema multiforme. also associated with HSV, HIV and hepatitis

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5
Q

psoriasis is an independent risk factor for CV disease true or flase

A

TRUE

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6
Q

Causes of erythema nodosum

A

TB, IBD, sarcoidosis, strep infections, sulfonamides, OCP and pregnancy

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7
Q

What causes photosensitivity, blisters causing scars and milia in the context of chronic liver disease

A

porphyria cunea tarda - test is urine uroporphorin

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8
Q

What cell type is most implicated in psoriatic epidermal inflammatory response

A

T cells - induce keratinocyte proliferation. Upgraded production TNF Alpha interferon gama and I’ll - 12

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9
Q

Which genotype means that chinese population are at increased risk of developing TEN with carbamezapine

A

HLA B 1502.
Management of TEN is with fluids, steroids and anticoagulation (dehydration clot risk)

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10
Q

What condition is dermatitis herpeteformis linked with

A

Coeliac’s disease - tx dapsone

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11
Q

What dermatological condition is linked with NH lymphoma

A

paraneoplastic pemphigus

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12
Q

Difference between pemphigus and pemiphigoid

A

pemphigus - flaccid blisters that rupture more easily. Also more likely to involve MMs and antidesmoglein 1 and 3 antibodies can be measure. Associated with C3 deposition. Whereas pemphigioid are tense more intact blisters and antibodies directed at the basement membrane

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13
Q

What condition is associated with ovoid hypopigmented maculed (ash leaf macules)

A

tuberous sclerosis. periungual fibromata also arise from nail folds. fundoscopy may show rentinal hamartoma

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14
Q

Causes of TEN

A

Allopurinol, aspirin, phenytoin, NSAIDs, lamotrigine, lanzoprazole and penicillins

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15
Q

What is pathophysiology of bullous pemphigoid?

A

autoantibodies to hemidesmosome proteins which attach basal keratinocytes

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16
Q

What is erythroderma?

A

inflammatory skin condition covering >90% skin surface
mostly psoriasis, eczema, drug eruption, cutaneous lymphoma and piryriasis rubra pilaris

17
Q

Antibodies associated with SLE

A

Anti nuclear antibody (ANA), anti dsDNA, Anti Sm, Ro/SSA, La/SSA and u1 RNP

18
Q

What are the three Ds associated with pellagra

A

photosensitive dermatitis, diarrhoea and dementia

19
Q

What is the gene test for marfan’s syndrome

A

fibrillin 1 gene testing

20
Q

What is the special stain for pseudoxanthoma elasticum

A

van kossa stain - patients have plucked chicken skin around neck, loose folds fo skin under axillae and angioid streaks on retinal examination. predisposed to GI bleeding

21
Q

Autoantibody for primary biliary cholangitis

A

anti mitochondrial antibody

22
Q

With which skin condition is pyoderma gangrenosum seen

A

CML - cribiform pattern of scarring with deep red necrotic ulcers. Also other myeloproliferative disorders, iBD, RA, GPA and lymphoma

23
Q

What bacterial pneumonia is associated with erythema multiforme?

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

24
Q

Features of dermatomyositis

A

Guttrons papules, helitrope rash, linear violaceous changes over dorsal surfaces fingers, nail fold inflammation with dilated capillaries

25
Q

Diagnostic

A

Lisch nodules (hamartomas iris), optic nerve glioma, bone abnormlaities, cafe au lait spots, diagnosis NF1 in first degree relative

26
Q

What is porphyria cunea tarda

A

photosensitive blistering rash, triggered by hepatitis, alcohol and oestrogen exposure

27
Q

What are the triad of symptoms seen in B3 niacin deficiency

A

dementia, diarrhoea and dermatitis. often seen with carcinoid syndrome and treated with a somatostatin analogue. Pellagra.

28
Q

What is the treatment for actinic keratosis

A

5 - FU topical

29
Q

What does a high Barthel index indicate

A

Scored out of 100. High number *80-100) means independent with ADLS

30
Q

what is the tratment for rosacea

A

topical metronidazole

MRCP (14 decks)

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