Dermatology

Question 1

Blueberry muffin lesions are due to…

Answer 1

dermal erthyropoiesis
(observed in CMV and Rubella)

Question 2

cafe au lait spots, how many concerning for NF Type 1?

Answer 2

5 or more

Question 3

What is next step in management with 5 or more hemangioma

Answer 3

Abdominal ultrasound, echo

Question 4

Name some syndromes with Port Wine Stain

Answer 4

Sturge Weber
Beckwidth Weideman
Cobb Syndrome
Klippel- Treunay

Question 5

Waardenburg Syndrome (Name some features)

Answer 5

Autosomal dominant
hypopigmented patches of hair
congenital nerve deafness
craniofacial abnormalities

Question 6

what causes umbilical granuloma?

Answer 6

due to umbilicus not re-epethializing

Question 7

What is most common skin infection in children?

Answer 7

non-bullous impetigo

Question 8

What is aplasia cutis congentia

Answer 8

congenital absence of skin involving epidermis and dermis.

Question 9

What does fluid culture show in Staph Scalded skin sydnrome?

Answer 9

Nothing as it is sterile

Question 10

Sebaceous Nevus

Answer 10

Question 11

CHARGE disorder

Answer 11

Coloboma
Heart Defect
Atresia of choana
Renal anomalies
Genital Hypoplasia
Ear anomalies

Question 12

What are milia?

Answer 12

pearly, non-erythematous, yellow or white papules evident over face
small epidermal inclusion cysts.

Question 13

What condition has Wright Stain that shows numerous neutrophils?

Answer 13

Neonatal pustular melanosis

Question 14

What condition has Wright Stain that shows numerous eosinophils?

Answer 14

Erythema Toxicum

Question 15

Where is cell free DNA derived from?

Answer 15

placena, continuous turnover of villous trophoblast, results in shedding of apoptotic material including cell free DNA

Question 16

harlequin ichthyosis causes what possible eye findings?

Answer 16

inversion of eyelids, keratitis, corneal abrasion
due to drying of eyes

hyperkeratotic plates cause tension on the eyelids, leading to bilateral inversion of the conjunctiva

Question 17

Diagnosis of Bullous Pemphigoid

Answer 17

linear pattern of IgG and C3 along basement membrane zone on immunofluroescent staining

tense blisters on hands and feet

Question 18

Diagnosis of Bullous Impetigo

Answer 18

Clinical
vesicles that enlarge into non-tender flaccid subcorneal bullae with thin erythematous base

but can be confirmed by gram stam and culture of bullae’s fluid

Question 19

What are the 4 types of Ezpidermolysis bullosa?

Answer 19

4 types are defined based on where blistering occurs
Simplex (basal epidermal above BMZ)
Junctional (through BMZ)
dystrophic (superficial dermis)
mixed

Question 19

2 ways in which Epidermolysis Bullosa presents after birth

Answer 19

skin fragility with erosions and bullae often occurring secondary to minor friction
Dramatic presentation localized absence of skin, well demarcated extensive erosions on lower limbs

Question 20

What is the layer of skin that conserves body bater and serves as barrier protection?

Answer 20

startum corneum

Question 21

When will symptoms of acrodermatitis enteropathica (zinc deficiency) first appear?

Answer 21

around 1 year of life when infant transitions to cow’s milk, or to formula after breastfeeding.

impaired zinc absorption.

Autosomal Recessive

Question 22

What other lab abnormalities do you see in SCFN

Answer 22

thrombocytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercalcemia.