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Neo Review > MFM > Flashcards

MFM Flashcards

1
Q

what can phenobarbital cause in pregnancy?

A

can cause neonatal abstinence syndrome. Newborns may develop poor feeding, high-pitched crying, diarrhea, hyperacusis, irritability, tremors, restlessness, hyperreflexia, and hypertonia.

congenital heart defects, craniofacial abnormalties, facial clefts.

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2
Q

What type of antibodies cross the placenta?

A

IgG

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3
Q

What happens to maternal blood pressure during pregnancy?

A

Decreases
at lowest point in 2nd trimester

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4
Q

What happens to hormones PTH and TSH in pregnancy?

A

PTH increases
T4 increases, TSH decreases (pregnant woman remain euthyroid)

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5
Q

What does human placental lactogen do?

A

increases lipid utilization, and has anti-insulin affect.

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6
Q

What crosses placenta via pinocytosis?

A

IgG 2nd trimester, some proteins

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7
Q

What crosses placenta via active transport?

A

amino acids, Calcium, Mag, Phos, iron iodine

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8
Q

What crosses placenta via facilitated diffusion?

A

glucose, keflex

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9
Q

what are some issues with velamentous cord insertion?

A

increase risk of intolerance to labor with some causes, due to lack of Wharton’s Jelly, vessels can be compressed during contraction

(umbilical cords inserts into chorio-amniotic membranes outside placental margin, and vessels travel within membrane of placenta)

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10
Q

What are issues with vasa previa?(fetal)

A

occurs with velamentous insertion of cord many times, membranes cross internal os and present prior to fetal head

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11
Q

Myasanthea Gravis can lead to what in neonate if antibodies directed to fetal Ach receptor?

A

fetal arthrogryposis

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12
Q

What electrolyte abnormality in infant do you see in Maternal diabetes?

A

hypocalcemia

(decreased placental transfer, PTH production, hypomagnesimia, decreased CA absorption in intestine)

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13
Q

What defects might you see with elevated AFP?

A

Open neural tube defects

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14
Q

What defects might you see with lower AFP

A

Trisomies

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15
Q

What are components of quad screen?

A

AFP, unconjugated Estriol, maternal B-hcg, inhibin A

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16
Q

What does echogenic bowel usually mean on Us

A

usually non-specific
most cases normal

17
Q

When does the hypertrophic and hyperplastic phase of fetal growth take place?

A

16-32 weeks GA, increase in cell number, increase in cell size

18
Q

What is the major hormone for intrauterine growth?

A

Insulin produced by fetus

19
Q

Difference between SGA and IUGR

A

SGA less than 10% of population
IUGR less than fetus’s predetermined potential
(OB only use term IUGR if fetus is less than 10%)

20
Q

What trimester will show poor growth of fetus in malnourished mother??

A

3rd trimester
(not important first 2 trimesters)

21
Q

What can placing woman in left lateral recumbent position accomplish?

A

increase uterine blood flow

22
Q

How does Magnesium work on mother?

A

Decreases uterine contractility by decreasing Ach release from neuromuscular junction and acts as Ca antagonist

23
Q

How does nitrazine test work?

A

alkaline ph of amniotic fluid differentiates from acidic vaginal fluid

(false positive with blood, semen or BV)
(false negative if not enough vaginal fluid)

24
Q

What does conservative management of PPROM less than 34 weeks increase risk of?

A

chorio, placental abruption and cord compression

25
Q

How are Calcium, Mag and phos transported in placenta?

A

Active Transport

26
Q

How are fat soluble vitamins transported in placenta?

A

simple diffusion

27
Q

how is IgG transferred in placenta?

A

endocytosis

28
Q

Where does abnormal placentation occur in
normal, accreta, previa, abruption

A
29
Q

Basic mechanism of action for IVH

A

obstruction of blood flow leading to infarction
(either through increased pressure or vasoactive compounds that are released)

30
Q

Order cell types most susceptible to HIE

A

neuron> oligodendroglia > astrocyte > microglia

31
Q

Benefits of diffusion weighted MRI after HIE

A

more sensitive than conventional, will show decreased diffusion (or INCREASED SIGNAL) if injury

Neo Review (18 decks)

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