dermatology lecture

Question 1

What causes seborrheic dermatitis?

Answer 1

Overgrowth of Malassezia yeast, increased sebaceous gland activity, and abnormal immune response

Seborrheic dermatitis is characterized by greasy yellowish scales and mild itchiness.

Question 2

What areas of the body are commonly affected by seborrheic dermatitis?

Answer 2

Scalp, face, ears, back, chest, axillae, genital areas, and skin folds

Dandruff is a form of seborrheic dermatitis.

Question 3

What topical treatments are used for seborrheic dermatitis?

Answer 3

Ketoconazole, miconazole, clotrimazole, tioconazole

These treatments inhibit p450 fungal enzymes.

Question 4

What is cradle cap?

Answer 4

Seborrheic dermatitis affecting infants

It leads to greasy, scaly patches on the scalp.

Question 5

What are the types of psoriasis?

Answer 5

1. Plaque psoriasis
2. Inverse psoriasis
3. Pustular psoriasis
4. Nail psoriasis
5. Scalp psoriasis
6. Guttate psoriasis

Each type has distinct characteristics and symptoms.

Question 6

What characterizes plaque psoriasis?

Answer 6

Red plaques and white scales; itching, cracking, and bleeding can occur

Commonly affects scalp, elbows, knees, and back.

Question 7

What is the treatment for scalp psoriasis?

Answer 7

Coal tar shampoo and Vitamin D therapy adjunct to topical corticosteroids

Lifestyle advice on smoking, alcohol, and weight loss may also be provided.

Question 8

When should a patient with psoriasis be referred?

Answer 8

After eight weeks with no improvement, if psoriasis becomes widespread, or if there are signs of infection

Joint pain may also necessitate referral for potential psoriatic arthritis.

Question 9

What is the role of UV therapy in psoriasis treatment?

Answer 9

Reduces inflammation and slows skin cell production

Narrow band UVB is stronger and produces longer remissions.

Question 10

What OTC medications can cause psoriasis flare-ups?

Answer 10

1. NSAIDs
2. Lithium
3. Beta blockers
4. Systemic corticosteroids
5. Hydroxychloroquine

Antibiotics, ACE inhibitors, and thiazide diuretics can also exacerbate symptoms.

Question 11

What are common symptoms of psoriatic arthritis?

Answer 11

Joint pain and swelling, symmetrical joint involvement, nail changes, enthesitis, or dactylitis

Psoriatic arthritis affects both joints and skin.

Question 12

What are the functions of the skin?

Answer 12

1. Physical protection
2. UV protection
3. Elasticity
4. Vitamin D synthesis
5. Social interactions and sensations
6. Regenerative features

The skin acts as a barrier against microorganisms.