Development 4 Flashcards
What is theory of mind and when does it form?
Ability to attribute mental states - beliefs, desires, knowledge, ext, to oneself and others- and to understand that others have mental stated different from yours.
Matures at 4-5 years old.
What are the 8 Eriksons stages?
- Basic Trust vs Mistrust (0-2 yo)
- Autonomy vs Shame doubt (2-4)
- Initiative vs Guilt (4-5)
- Industry vs Inferiority (5-12)
- Identity vs role confusion (13-19)
- Intimacy vs Isolation (20-40)
- Generativity vs Stagnation (40-65)
8 Ego integrity vs Dispair (65 +)
Describe the following Eriksonian stage: What is the existential question in that stage and what Key events occur?
- Basic Trust vs Mistrust (0-2 yo)
- Autonomy vs Shame doubt (2-4)
- Initiative vs Guilt (4-5)
- Industry vs Inferiority (5-12)
- Basic Trust vs Mistrust (0-2 yo)
- Q = Can I trust my basic needs can be met?
- Key event = Feeding, weaning, exploring - Autonomy vs Shame doubt (2-4)
- Q = Will I be able to exert control?
- Key event = Saying NO, potty training - Initiative vs Guilt (4-5)
- Q = Is it OK for me to act, move and do things?
- Key event = Using tools, getting along with kids - Industry vs Inferiority (5-12)
- Q = Can I make it in the world of people?
- Key events = school, hobbies, sports
Describe the following Eriksonian stage: What is the existential question in that stage and what Key events occur?
- Identity vs role confusion (13-19)
- Intimacy vs Isolation (20-40)
- Generativity vs Stagnation (40-65)
8 Ego integrity vs Dispair (65 +)
- Identity vs role confusion (13-19)
- Q = Who am I, who can I be
- Key events= Peers, dating, competition - Intimacy vs Isolation (20-40)
Q = Can I love or be loved?
- Key events = romantic relationships - Generativity vs Stagnation (40-65)
Q = Does my life count?
- Key events = work, parenting
8 Ego integrity vs Dispair (65 +)
Q= Did i have a good life?
- Key events = Reflecting on life, coming to terms
Mahlers stages childhood development has 3 stages: Stage 1 (Normal autism), Stage 2 (Symbiotic stage) and Stage 3 (Separation Individuation) .
Stage 3 is 4 sub phases. What are the phases, what age corresponds to each phase and describe the phase.
Differentiation:
- 5-9 months
- Beginning awareness of separate identity of self from mother and world.
Practicing:
- 9-16 months
- crawling, walking, exploring the outside world
Rapprochement
- 16-24 months
- Child moves away from mother but returns back quickly. The need for independence alternates with need for closeness with mom.
Object Constancy
- 2-5 years
- Child comprehends and is reassured by the permanence of mother or important figures even if they are not around.
What are the 4 different types of attachments styles seen during the “strange situation” experiment?
- Secure Attachment:
- Child is distressed when mom leaves and avoids stranger when alone with stranger, but when mom is present is friendly to stranger - Ambivalent Attachment:
- Child is distressed upon mother’s departure and reluctant to “warm” to her upon return. Fearful of stranger. - Avoidant Attachment:
- Child with little reaction to mother leaving or coming back. Mother and stranger are equally able to comfort child. - Disorganized attachment:
- Child displays stereotypy (rocking, freezing), confusion or apprehension upon mother’s return.
What are the 4 stages of play?
- Solitary Play: Even in a room filled with other people they play alone.
- Parallell Play: Engaging in similar activity next to each other but not directly interacting
- Associative play: Children playing a game together but not working together
- Cooperative play: Children working together.
At what age do these develop?
- Gender constancy (ability to consistently differentiate and identify their own gender)?
- Gender identity?
- Gender Constancy = 2 years old
2. Gender Identity 2-3 years old.
What do you do when a toddler is masturbating?
1/3 of toddlers masturbate. Teach the toddler is private and don’t over react.
What are the guidelines for TV/Media in children?
1-2 hours per day
No TV <2 years old.
