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Motor development > Development > Flashcards

Development Flashcards

1
Q

Maturation

A

individuals progress to an adult state
-genetics vs environment
the rate of maturation is all from genetics

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2
Q

growth

A

quantitative increase in size or magnitude

  • occurs over time
  • conception to late adolescence (early 20s)
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3
Q

development

A

change in a level of functioning
growth, maturation, and experience contribute
interaction of all 3 pieces

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4
Q

measures of maturation

A
  1. maturational age: determined on your progress towards maturation
  2. chronological age: age since birth
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5
Q

estimates of maturational age

A
  1. skeletal age: growth plates
  2. sexual maturation: puberty (males 10-11, females 12-13)
  3. dental age: lose teeth between 5-7
  4. physical growth: change in height and weight
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6
Q

Physical Growth

-Early and Late maturers

A
  • early maturers have a temporary advantage
  • late maturing males will be taller
  • boys and girls are roughly the same until age 9
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7
Q

Growth Pattern

A
  1. length
  2. breadth
  3. circumference
  4. density
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8
Q

Somatotype

A

All from genetics, this does not indicate what your physical capabilities are

  • ectomorph, linear, lean
  • endomorph: bulkier, more weight
  • mesomorph- muscular and compact
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9
Q

Growth and motor performance

  • boys vs girls
  • bigger or smaller
  • interpretation of changes in skill
A
  • boys grow longer and have more steady improvements
  • girls improve until adolescents which is when they gain more body fat which is when their performance decreases
  • for bigger or smaller people, they excel in different places
  • dont judge a person by their looks to determine their skill
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10
Q

why should you not let children specialize at an early age

A

you are trying to predict what they will excel at

  • burn out at an early age
  • could have been better in a different activity
  • not fully developing our bodies
  • overuse injuries
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11
Q

what are the 7 areas of development

A
  1. motor
  2. cognitive
  3. social
  4. physiological
  5. emotional
    6.psychological
    7physical
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12
Q

Motor development

A

process through which one acquires movement patterns and skills

  • its an interaction of:
    1. neuromuscular maturation
    2. growth characteristics of the child
    3. tempo of growth and maturation
    4. motor experiences
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13
Q

6 Stages of developmental motor skill acquisition

A
  1. Reflexes
  2. Rudimentary movements
  3. fundamental motor skills
  4. proficiency barrier
  5. transitional motor skills
  6. sport specific skills and dance
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14
Q

Reflexes

A

allows body to respond to stimuli
happens as infants
grasping, sucking, not about practice

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15
Q

rudimentary movements

A

genetically determined
all kids go through them in the same order
not a result of practice
Phylogenetic skills: motor milestones

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16
Q

fundamental motor skills

A

-require practice
-basic skills we need to engage in other activities
3 types
1. manipulative skills: tying shoes
2. locomotor: place to place
3. non locomotor: stretching

17
Q

Proficiency barrier

A
  • many people get stuck at this point if they dont have:
    1. good practice
    2. if you dont have effective instruction
18
Q

transitional motor skills

A

put two skills together to form new pattern

19
Q

sport specific skills

A

a lot of practice

20
Q

3 portions of Physical Development and Performance

A
  1. Aerobic Performance
  2. Anaerobic Performance
  3. Thermoregulation
21
Q

Aerobic Performance

A
  • increase cardiac output
  • body grows faster than the heart
  • more hemoglobin and red blood cells
22
Q

anaerobic performance

A
  • increase in muscle mass
  • ATP, creatine phosphate, and glycogen content
  • kids recover faster
23
Q

thermoregulation

A

sweating patterns: kids dont have as many sweat glands as adults

24
Q

Cognitive development: 3 major concepts according to Piaget

A
  1. Schemas: categories of knowledge
  2. Assimilation: take schema and apply it to things that dont fit
  3. Accommodation: had a schema, something didnt fit, create a new schema
25
Q

Piaget’s Cognitive Development Phases

A
  1. Sensorimotor stage( birth-2 years)
    - use sense
    - develops object permanence
    - ex hide and seek
  2. Pre-operational Stage (2-7 years)
    - concepts are not operational
    - egocentric
    - thinking is animistic
    - cannot think abstractly or in hypotheticals
  3. concrete operational (7-11 years)
    - understands reversibility and conservation
    - -reversibility: f you deflate a ball you can blow it back up
    - -conservation: appearance changes is it the same or different
  4. formal operational (11+)
    - abstract and hypotheticals
    - what ifs
    - logical processing
26
Q

social development

A
  • active process of learning
  • interactions with others
  • impacts social development
  • how do we define ourselves
  • what is important to us

Motor development (3 decks)

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