Development of the Digestive System II

Question 1

What are the mesenteries in origin?

Answer 1

Mesoderm

Question 2

What are the mesenteries derived from?

Answer 2

Splanchnic mesenchyme that surrounds the primitive gut

Question 3

What is the morphogenesis of the mesentery influenced by?

Answer 3

Morphogenesis of the gut

Question 4

In the oesophagus what does the mesenchyme develop into?

Answer 4

Muscle

Question 5

What type of muscle is the branchial arch mesenchyme?

Answer 5

Skeletal

Question 6

What type of muscle is the splanchnic muscle?

Answer 6

Smooth

Question 7

What is the primitive stomach suspended from?

Answer 7

Dorsal wall by dorsal mesentery

Question 8

What is dorsal mesentary called?

Answer 8

Mesogastrium

Question 9

What does the stomach grow into?

Answer 9

dorsal and ventral mesogastria

Question 10

What does extra growth of dorsal surface lead to?

Answer 10

Loop of dorsal mesogastria to the greater omentum

Question 11

What direction of the rotation does the stomach turn?

Answer 11

Clockwise rotation

Question 12

Where is the small pouch of stomach formed between?

Answer 12

Dorsal peritoneum and greater omentum

Question 13

What is the small pouch also known as?

Answer 13

Lesser sac or omental bursa

Question 14

What is the entrance to the stomach called?

Answer 14

Epiploic foramen or foramen of wilmslow

Question 15

How is the ascending and descending colon formed retroperitoneal?

Answer 15

mesentery of a. and d. colon fuses with parietal peritoneum and dissappears

Question 16

What does the colon press the duodenum against?

Answer 16

Posterior abdominal wall

Question 17

What happens to duodenum once on posterior of abdomen?

Answer 17

duodenum mesentary is absorped so duodenum and most of pancreas is retroperitoneal

Question 18

What does the mesentary of trasnverse colon fuses with?

Answer 18

Dorsal mesgastrium

Question 19

which colon retain its mesentary?

Answer 19

Sigmoid

Question 20

Where does the pancreas develop from?

Answer 20

2 outgrowths of endodermal epithelium of caudal part of foregut

Question 21

What are the 2 outgrowths of endodermal epithelium that pancreas grows from?

Answer 21

Dorsal and Ventral pancreatic buds

Question 22

What does the pancreas rotate around to fuse to?

Answer 22

Migration of latter and bile duct around duodenum to fuse with former

Question 23

What happens when the ducts join?

Answer 23

Main pancreatic duct and empty with bile duct into duodenum

Question 24

Where do the Liver and biliary apparatus develop from?

Answer 24

Outgrowths of endodermal epithelium of caudal part of foregut

Question 25

What is the caudal part of the foregut?

Answer 25

Hepatic diverticulum

Question 26

What does the hepatic diverticulum consists of?

Answer 26

Rapidly proliferating cells that extend into septum transversum

Question 27

What is the septum transversum?

Answer 27

Mass of mesodermal cells between pericardial cavity and yolk stalk

Question 28

What does the septum transversum form?

Answer 28

Most of diaphragm and ventral mesentary

Question 29

What does the hepatic diverticulum form?

Answer 29

Cranial and caudal parts of liver

Question 30

What happens to former liver?

Answer 30

grows large and becomes parenchyma of liver

Question 31

What does the latter liver do?

Answer 31

Is small and creates gall bladder and cystic duct

Question 32

What does the cystic duct develop as?

Answer 32

Solid tube

Question 33

What happens if the cystic duct fails to canalise?

Answer 33

Extrahepatic biliary atresia

Question 34

Where does the spleen develop from?

Answer 34

Mesenchymal cells between layers of dorsal mesentary of stomach

Question 35

What is the appearance of spleen in foetal life?

Answer 35

lobulated but lobes fuse before birth become notches in superior border of adult spleen