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anatomy last exam > Development of the heart > Flashcards

Development of the heart Flashcards

1
Q

the receiving chambers of the heart

A

Atria

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2
Q

The ejecting chambers of the heart

A

Ventricles

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3
Q

what kind of blood is in the right side of the heart

A

Deoxygenated blood pumped to lungs

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4
Q

what kind of blood is in the left side of the heart

A

receives oxygenated blood and pumps to body

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5
Q

the adult heart

A

neonatal heart

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6
Q

how early is the cardiovascular system able to be functional

A

one of the first systems

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7
Q

Stages of heart development

A

Cardiac Crescent
Heart Tube
Pre-septated looped heart
Four chambered heart

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8
Q

Flow through the heart tube

A

Caudal to cranial

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9
Q

last step of heart development

A

septated into 4 chambers

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10
Q

migration of progenitor heart cells

A

Migrate through primitive streak into splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm

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11
Q

the 1st sign of heart formation

A

solid horseshoe-shaped cluster of cells

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12
Q

the solid horseshoe-shaped cluster of cells that is the 1st sign of heart formation

A

Primary heart field

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13
Q

organization of the primary heart field

A

Medial: eventual aorta
in-betwen: Ventricles
Lateral: atria

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14
Q

when blood vessels arise from blood islands

A

Vasculogenesis

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15
Q

when blood vessels sprout from existing vessel

A

Angiogenesis

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16
Q

what happens in Vasculogenesis

A

Mesoderm cells cluster together around hemangioblasts to eventually form a tube

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17
Q

where does Vasculogenesis occur

A

in the embryo

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18
Q

Parts of Heart Development

A 
Establishment and patterning of primary heart field
Heart tube formation and positioning
Cardiac loop formation
Sinus venosus
Partitioning of the heart
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19
Q

where does the heart originally form in respect to the brain

A

Ontop and infront of the brain

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20
Q

how does the heart get into the correct position

A

Due to cranial caudal folding

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21
Q

what forms the endocardial tubes

A

the uniting of blood islands

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22
Q

number of endocardial tubes before folding

A

2 (one on the right and one on the left

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23
Q

what happens while the endocardial tubes form

A

other blood island appear to form the pair of longitudinal dorsal aortae

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24
Q

roll of dorsal aorta

A

outflow of blood to the body

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25
what causes the endocardial tubes to come close together to enventuall fuse
Lateral folding
26
do dorsal tubes fuse due to lateral folding
no
27
relation of heart tube to septum transversum (precursor to diaphram)`
Slightly causal
28
relation of heart tube to Pericardial cavity`
VEntral
29
relation of heart tube to oropharyngeal membrane (opening to oral cavity)
Cranial
30
how does the Heart tube eventually get below the brain
Cranial folding around teh opophyngeal membrane pushes brain up and heart down
31
Flow of the heart tube
Caudal to cranial possition
32
Flow through heart tube dilations
``` Sinus Venosus Primitive atrium Primitive ventricle Bulbus cordis Truncus arteriosus ```
33
what connects the primitive atrium and the primitive ventricle
Atrioventricular canal
34
what part of the heart tube forms part of the right atrium
Sinus VEnosus
35
what part of the heart tube forms part of the left atria
Primitive atrium
36
what part of the heart tube forms forms inlet of the ventricles
Primitive Ventricles
37
what part of the heart tube forms outlet of the ventricles
Bulbus Cordis
38
what part of the heart tube forms the aorta and pulmonary artery
Truncus arteriosus
39
how does the Tubular heart loop
Right handed looping
40
what does the looping of the tubular heart form
A U-shaped loop that results in a heart with an apex pointing left
41
Travel of the Primitive ventricle during Cardiac looping
Moves Ventral and to the right
42
travel of the atrial region during cardiac looping
Moves dorsally and to the left
43
Flow of blood after Cardiac Looping
Flow from caudal to cranial
44
is blood flow interrupted due to heart looping
Nope! Uninterrupted through different parts
45
where does Sinus Venosus receive Venous blood
From left and right sinus horns
46
where does each sinus horn receive venous blood from
``` Vitelline vv (medial) Umbilical vv (midline) Common cardinal vv (lateral) ```
47
what forms the Common cardinal vv
anterior and posterior cardinal vv
48
what brings oxygenated blood into spinus Venosus
the 2 umbilical veins (blood from the mom)
49
what happens to blood flow in the sinus venosus during remodeling
Blood flow gradually shifts to the right side
50
size of the right and left horn of the sinus venosus after remodeling
Right horn is larger than left horn
51
what does the Left sinus horn become after remodeling
Oblique veins of the left atrium | Coronary sinus
52
where does the Right side of the senius Venosus go
Incorporated inot the right caudal/dorsal wall of developing atrium
53
what does the right side of sinus venosus displace
The original right half of the primitive atrial wall farther to the right
54
The portion of the atrium consisting of the incorporated sinus venosus
Sinus venarum
55
what partitions in the heart
Atria Ventricles Outflow tracts
56
what grows from the roof of the atrium and hooks down towards the floor (inferior)
Septum Prima
57
where does septum prima grow towards
The suptum cusion
58
Does the septum Prima complete separate the Atriums
No, theres still a big hole connecting the two
59
What is the Hole that connects the two atrium when the septum prima forma
Foramen primum
60
what happens once the septum primum hits the septal cusion
separtes the two atrium, but theyre still concected with flow in between them
61
what allows flow between atrium once the septum primum is fully formed
Foramen secundum (foramen primum is gone)
62
the more dense part that separates the atriums after the septum primum
Septum secundum
63
Growth of septum secundum
Grows from the roof of the atrium to the floor(endocardial cusion) to the right of the Septum primum
64
what is the inferior opening of the septum secundum while it continues to grow
foramen ovale
65
what septum opening of the atria is maintained
The foramen ovale
66
what does Foramen ovale bceome in the neonatal heart
Fossa ovalis
67
when do the 4 AV endocardial cushions form
near the end of week 4
68
where does the 4 AV endocardial cushions form
on each side of the atrioventricular canal
69
what separates the R and L atrioventricular canals
Swellings of the superior and inferior endocardial cushions to the point that they fuse together
70
What eventually happpens to the Primary Ventricles
Begin to expand
71
what do the medial walls of the PRimitive ventricles do
MErge together to form the muscular interventricular septum
72
location of the interventricular foramen
Above the muscular interventricular septum
73
what closes the interventricular foramen
Outgrowth of endocardial cushions
74
complete closuure of the interventricular foramen forms
The membranous part of the interventricular septum
75
Formation of the 1st outflow tracts of the heart
Week 5, neural crest cells migrate into truncus arteriorsus and bulbus cordis
76
what does Truncus arteriorsus and bulbus cordis form
Truncal ridges and bulbar ridges
77
without neural crest cells in the outflow tracts, what does not happen
No seperation of the outflow tracts
78
travel of the Truncal and bulbus ridges
spiral from wall to the outflow portion (180 degrees)
79
SPiraling of the Truncal and Bulbus ridges results in forming what when they fuse
A spiral aorticopulmonary septum
80
INferior growth of Truncal and Bulbus ridges contributes to
A portion to membranous IV
81
What does Spiralling of the outflow tracts of the heart lead to
why the right ventrical ejects blood out to the left and anterior why the left ventrical ejects blood behind and to the right
82
flow of blood in the fetus heart
blood flow into the right atrium (both oxygenated and deoxygenated) Oxygenated blood travels to Left atrium via foramen ovale then leave via left ventricle

anatomy last exam (14 decks)

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