Development of urinary organs Flashcards
Derivatives of the Intermediate Mesoderm
As the body wall folds, intermediate mesoderm gives rise to ____ and ___ that is in contact with intraembryonic cavity
nephrogenic cord and urogenital ridge
What are the 3 stages of kidney development?
Pronephros, Mesonephros, Metanephros
Kidney Precursors
(1)_____ forms in cervical region during week 4 and degenerates during week 5
Thereafter, (2)____ and _____ form in thoracic/lumbar regions
- Pronephros
- mesonephros and mesonephric duct
Kidney Precursors
______ from mesonephric duct invades nearby intermediate mesoderm
→ induces formation of metanephros, the kidney, its connection to mesonephric duct becomes ureter
Ureteric bud
Kidney Precursors
Ureteric bud from mesonephric duct invades nearby intermediate mesoderm
→ induces formation of _____, the kidney, its connection to mesonephric duct becomes ureter
metanephros
Kidney Precursors
Ureteric bud from mesonephric duct invades nearby _____
→ induces formation of metanephros, the kidney, its connection to mesonephric duct becomes ureter
intermediate mesoderm
Kidney Precursors
Ureteric bud from mesonephric duct invades nearby intermediate mesoderm
→ induces formation of metanephros, the kidney, its connection to mesonephric duct becomes ____
ureter
Kidney Precursors
Ascent of the Kidneys
Metanephric kidneys form in pelvis but ascend
→ ____ and ____ move more inferiorly
indifferent gonad and mesonephric ducts
Ascent of the Kidneys
Metanephric kidneys acquire succession of ____ as they ascend
→ _____ retains its original blood supply from aorta
- renal arteries
- gonad
Ascent of the Kidneys
mature kidneys come to rest just inferior to suprarenal (adrenal) glands, which develop in _____
mature kidneys come to rest just inferior to suprarenal (adrenal) glands, which develop in _____
Mesonephros and Mesonephric Duct
Mesonephros forms in ____
→ its tubules consolidate into mesonephric duct that drains to cloaca
intermediate mesoderm
Mesonephros and Mesonephric Duct
Mesonephros forms in intermediate mesoderm
→ its tubules consolidate into_____ that drains to cloaca
mesonephric duct
Mesonephros and Mesonephric Duct
Mesonephros forms in intermediate mesoderm
→ its tubules consolidate into mesonephric duct that drains to ____
cloaca
Mesonephros and Mesonephric Duct
→ identify
Mesonephros and Mesonephric Duct
Forms tubules that associate with nearby arteries and before regressing, it actually begins filtering urine through (1)____ into (2)____
- glomeruli
- renal (Bowman’s) capsule
Mesonephros and Mesonephric Duct
→ identify
Mesonephros and Mesonephric Duct
As metanephros begins forming and (1)_____ disappears
→ mesonephric ducts associate with (2)____, which is forming more superiorly in intermediate mesoderm
- mesonephros
- indifferent gonad
Gross Development of the Ureteric Bud
The ureteric bud grows into the surrounding intermediate mesoderm and induces the formation of ____
the metanephros, the mature kidney
Gross Development of the Ureteric Bud
___ grows into the surrounding intermediate mesoderm and induces the formation of the metanephros, the mature kidney
The ureteric bud
Gross Development of the Ureteric Bud
The ureteric bud grows into the surrounding ____ and induces the formation of the metanephros, the mature kidney
intermediate mesoderm
Microscopic Development of the Ureteric Bud and Metanephros
At the tip of the collecting tubes, a metanephric vesicle develops, which extends, hollows out, and associates with____ from ___
a glomerulus from the renal artery
Microscopic Development of the Ureteric Bud and Metanephros
As fetus grows, tubules from metanephric vesicle will create the nephron of kidney.
Fetus will swallow amniotic fluid filtered by (1)____ and urinated back into amniotic fluid
→ (2)___ removes nearly all fetal waste, so amnion does not become contaminated
- kidneys
- placenta
Microscopic Development of the Ureteric Bud and Metanephros
As fetus grows, tubules from metanephric vesicle will create (1)____
Fetus will swallow (2)_____ filtered by kidneys and urinated back into amniotic fluid; placenta removes nearly all fetal waste, so amnion does not become contaminated
- the nephron of kidney.
- amniotic fluid
Suprarenal Gland Development
Suprarenal glands originate from two distinct precursors
Two waves of cortex migrate posteriorly into mesoderm forming ____ and _____
→ cells differentiating into three layers of suprarenal cortex
fetal cortex and later adult cortex
Suprarenal Gland Development
Suprarenal glands originate from two distinct precursors
→ Migrating cells from neural crest invade developing cortex and will form ____ and ____
medulla of gland and its chromaffin cells
Suprarenal Gland Development
Suprarenal glands originate from two distinct precursors
Two waves of cortex migrate posteriorly into mesoderm forming fetal cortex and later adult cortex → cells differentiating into t____
three layers of suprarenal cortex
Suprarenal Gland Development
Suprarenal glands originate from two distinct precursors
→ Migrating cells from neural crest invade developing cortex and will form ____ and ____
medulla of gland and its chromaffin cells
Partitioning of the Cloaca
- Cloaca is split by urorectal septum to create ___ and ____
- Allantois remains attached to apex of ____ and extends into umbilical cord
- rectum and urogenital sinus
- urogenital sinus
Partitioning of the Cloaca
- Cloaca is split by ____ to create rectum and urogenital sinus
- ____ remains attached to apex of urogenital sinus and extends into umbilical cord
- urorectal septum
- Allantois
Development of Urinary Bladder and Urethra
The urogenital sinus will give rise to ____ (3)
→ Typically the allantois will regress, leaving no trace behind other than a fibrous cord, the urachus
- the urinary bladder
- urethra
- all the glands that open directly into it.
Development of Urinary Bladder and Urethra
The urogenital sinus will give rise to the urinary bladder, urethra, and all the glands that open directly into it.
→ Typically the allantois will regress, leaving no trace behind other than ____
a fibrous cord which is called the urachus
What is urachus?
A fibrous remnants of allantois
Development of Urinary Bladder and Urethra
In females, the urethra will open into a ___, just anterior to the vaginal opening
vestibule
Development of Urinary Bladder and Urethra
In males, the urethral folds of the penis will envelop it creating ____
the spongy (penile) urethra
Expansion of Urinary Bladder
As the urinary bladder expands with the growing body, it pulls ____ and ____ into its posterior wall.
the mesonephric duct and ureter
Expansion of Urinary Bladder
As the urinary bladder expands with the growing body, it pulls the mesonephric duct and ureter into its posterior wall.
→ The smooth nature of these ducts leaves the smooth trigone of the bladder connecting ___ and ___
the ureteric openings and urethra
Expansion of Urinary Bladder
In males, as the gonads descend and kidneys ascend,____ drape themselves over the ureter
the ductus deferens
