Development of veins

Question 1

Large embryonic veins

Blood reaches the sinus venous of the heart from ____ (3 veins)

Answer 1

Question 2

Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern

Initially, the umbilical and vitelline veins drain into ____ on each side of the body.

Answer 2

the common cardinal vein

Question 3

Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern

Initially, ____ and ____ drain into the common cardinal vein on each side of the body.

Answer 3

the umbilical and vitelline veins

Question 4

Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern

Proximally, vitelline veins become surrounded by the growing ____ from the foregut.

Answer 4

liver buds

Question 5

Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern

Meanwhile, ____ develop connections to both the vitelline and common cardinal veins.

Answer 5

the umbilical veins

Question 6

Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern

Proximally, vitelline veins become surrounded by the growing liver buds from the ____

Answer 6

foregut.

Question 7

Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern

Proximally, ____ become surrounded by the growing liver buds from the foregut.

Answer 7

vitelline veins

Question 8

Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern

Meanwhile, the umbilical veins develop connections to both ____ and ___

Answer 8

the vitelline and common cardinal veins.

Question 9

Liver Drainage Shifts in Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern

The vitelline veins form ___ within the liver and the umbilical veins drain into them.

Answer 9

the vascular sinusoids

Question 10

Liver Drainage Shifts in Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern

The vitelline veins form the vascular sinusoids within the liver and the umbilical veins drain into them.

→ However, ____ remains open and allows blood from the left umbilical vein to reach the heart while largely bypassing the liver sinusoids.

Answer 10

a large vascular space, the ductus venosus

Question 11

Cardinal Veins and Large Veins

The right umbilical vein dwindles and all blood from the placenta travels through _____ (3) to reach the right atrium.

Answer 11

• the left umbilical vein
• ductus venosus
• inferior vena cava

Question 12

Cardinal Veins and Large Veins

The right umbilical vein dwindles and all blood from the placenta travels through the left umbilical vein, ductus venosus, and inferior vena cava to reach ___

Answer 12

the right atrium.

Question 13

Cardinal Veins and Large Veins

The vitelline veins form ____ and _____

Answer 13

the liner sinusoids and hepatic veins.

Question 14

Cardinal Veins and Large Veins

The vitelline veins form the liner sinusoids and hepatic veins.

→ Only ____ retains a connection to the inferior vena cava.

Answer 14

the right vitelline vein

Question 15

Cardinal Veins and Large Veins

More distally, the vitelline veins form the ____

Answer 15

branches of the hepatic portal vein.

Question 16

Cardinal Veins and Large Veins

More distally, ____ form the branches of the hepatic portal vein.

Answer 16

the vitelline veins

Question 17

Development of the Subcardinal Anastomosis

The common cardinal veins also receive blood from ___ and ___

Answer 17

anterior cardinal veins and posterior cardinal veins.

Question 18

Development of the Subcardinal Anastomosis

_____ also receive blood from anterior cardinal veins and posterior cardinal veins.

Answer 18

The common cardinal veins

Question 19

Development of the Subcardinal Anastomosis

Subcardinal veins form ____ that drain to the posterior cardinal veins.

Answer 19

a venous network in the developing kidney

Question 20

Development of the Subcardinal Anastomosis

Subcardinal veins form a venous network in the developing kidney that drain to ___

Answer 20

the posterior cardinal veins

Question 21

Development of the Subcardinal Anastomosis

Subcardinal veins form a venous network in the developing kidney that drain to the posterior cardinal veins.

→ They eventually expand and meet as ____

Answer 21

the subcardinal anastomosis.

Question 22

Development of the Subcardinal Anastomosis

____ form a venous network in the developing kidney that drain to the posterior cardinal veins.

→ They eventually expand and meet as the subcardinal anastomosis.

Answer 22

Subcardinal veins

Question 23

Development of Supracardinal Veins

Inferiorly, blood from iliac veins enters ____

Answer 23

the posterior cardinal veins.

Question 24

Development of Supracardinal Veins

Inferiorly, blood from ____ enters the posterior cardinal veins.

Answer 24

iliac veins

Question 25

**Development of Supracardinal Veins** The supracardinal veins develop off of ____ and drain the posterior aspect of the body.

Answer 25

the posterior cardinal veins

Question 26

**Development of Supracardinal Veins** As supracardinal veins grow, parts of the posterior cardinal veins rescind. → The inferior vena cava begins forming as the right vitelline vein fuses to\_\_\_\_

Answer 26

the subcardinal anastomosis.

Question 27

**Development of Supracardinal Veins** As supracardinal veins grow, parts of the posterior cardinal veins rescind. → ___ begins forming as the right vitelline vein fuses to the subcardinal anastomosis.

Answer 27

The inferior vena cava

Question 28

**Development of Supracardinal Veins** Superiorly, the anterior cardinal veins drain the head and upper limb, developing into ___ and \_\_\_

Answer 28

the jugular and subclavian veins.

Question 29

**Development of Supracardinal Veins** Superiorly, the anterior cardinal veins drain ____ and \_\_\_, developing into the jugular and subclavian veins.

Answer 29

the head and upper limb

Question 30

**Development of Supracardinal Veins** The inferior vena cava begins forming as ____ fuses to the subcardinal anastomosis.

Answer 30

the right vitelline vein

Question 31

**Shifts in Cardinal Vein Drainage** **\_\_\_\_** develops between right and left posterior cardinal veins in the pelvis. → Blood then drains into the supracardinal veins.

Answer 31

The **iliac anastomosis**

Question 32

**Shifts in Cardinal Vein Drainage** The **iliac anastomosis** develops between ____ and ___ in the pelvis. → Blood then drains into the supracardinal veins.

Answer 32

right and left posterior cardinal veins

Question 33

**Shifts in Cardinal Vein Drainage** The **iliac anastomosis** develops between right and left posterior cardinal veins in the pelvis. → Blood then drains into t\_\_\_\_

Answer 33

The supracardinal veins.

Question 34

**Shifts in Cardinal Vein Drainage** Superiorly, ____ develops between the right and left anterior cardinal veins.

Answer 34

, **a brachiocephalic anastomosis**

Question 35

**Shifts in Cardinal Vein Drainage** Superiorly, , **a brachiocephalic anastomosis** develops between ___ and \_\_\_

Answer 35

the right and left anterior cardinal veins.

Question 36

**Shifts in Cardinal Vein Drainage** The kidneys and gonads drain into ____ , which loses its connection to the posterior cardinal veins but connects to the supracardinal veins.

Answer 36

the subcardinal anastomosis

Question 37

**Shifts in Cardinal Vein Drainage** The kidneys and gonads drain into the subcardinal anastomosis , which loses its connection to ___ but connects to the supracardinal veins.

Answer 37

the posterior cardinal veins

Question 38

**Shifts in Cardinal Vein Drainage** The **iliac anastomosis** develops between right and left posterior cardinal veins in\_\_\_\_. → Blood then drains into the supracardinal veins.

Answer 38

the pelvis

Question 39

**Shifts in Cardinal Vein Drainage** \_\_\_ and ___ drain into the subcardinal anastomosis, which loses its connection to the posterior cardinal veins but connects to the supracardinal veins.

Answer 39

The kidneys and gonads

Question 40

**Disappearance of Posterior Cardinal Vein** The connection between ____ and ____ disappears. → The right supracardinal vein expands and drains to the subcardinal anastomosis.

Answer 40

the left posterior cardinal vein and left supracardinal vein

Question 41

**Disappearance of Posterior Cardinal Vein** The connection between the left posterior cardinal vein and left supracardinal vein disappears. → ____ expands and drains to the subcardinal anastomosis.

Answer 41

the right supracardinal vein

Question 42

**Disappearance of Posterior Cardinal Vein** The connection between the left posterior cardinal vein and left supracardinal vein disappears. → The right supracardinal vein expands and drains to \_\_\_\_

Answer 42

the subcardinal anastomosis.

Question 43

**Disappearance of Posterior Cardinal Vein** The connection between the left posterior cardinal vein and left supracardinal vein disappears. The right supracardinal vein expands and drains to the subcardinal anastomosis. → The inferior vena cava now has contributions from\_\_\_\_\_ (4)

Answer 43

1. the right vitelline vein 2. subcardinal anastomosis 3. right supracardinal vein 4. a small portion of right posterior cardinal vein.

Question 44

**Disappearance of Posterior Cardinal Vein** Yet another anastomosis develops between the remaining section of the right and left supracardinal veins. → They will become \_\_\_\_

Answer 44

the azygos system of veins.

Question 45

**Disappearance of Posterior Cardinal Vein** Another anastomosis develops between ___ and \_\_\_ → They will become the azygos system of veins.

Answer 45

the remaining section of the right and left supracardinal veins.

Question 46

**Establishment of Mature Venous Drainage** \_\_\_\_ and ___ contribute to the superior vena cava. The left common cardinal vein detaches from the anterior and posterior cardinal veins and remains in the heart as the coronary sinus.

Answer 46

The right common and anterior cardinal veins

Question 47

**Establishment of Mature Venous Drainage** The right common and anterior cardinal veins contribute to \_\_\_\_ The left common cardinal vein detaches from the anterior and posterior cardinal veins and remains in the heart as the coronary sinus.

Answer 47

the superior vena cava.

Question 48

**Establishment of Mature Venous Drainage** The right common and anterior cardinal veins contribute to the superior vena cava. → The left common cardinal vein detaches from the anterior and posterior cardinal veins and remains in the heart as \_\_\_\_

Answer 48

the coronary sinus.

Question 49

**Establishment of Mature Venous Drainage** The right common and anterior cardinal veins contribute to the superior vena cava. → \_\_\_\_detaches from the anterior and posterior cardinal veins and remains in the heart as the coronary sinus.

Answer 49

The left common cardinal vein

Question 50

**Establishment of Mature Venous Drainage** The right common and anterior cardinal veins contribute to the superior vena cava. → The left common cardinal vein detaches from ____ and ___ and remains in the heart as the coronary sinus.

Answer 50

the anterior and posterior cardinal veins

Question 51

**Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern** **→ Identify**

Answer 51

Question 52

**Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern** **→ Identify**

Answer 52

Question 53

**Liver Drainage Shifts in Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern** **→ identify**

Answer 53

Question 54

**Liver Drainage Shifts in Vitelline and Umbilical Drainage Pattern** **→ identify**

Answer 54

Question 55

**Cardinal Veins and Large Veins**

Answer 55

Question 56

**Development of the Subcardinal Anastomosis**

Answer 56

Question 57

**Development of the Subcardinal Anastomosis (5 ½ weeks)**

Answer 57

Question 58

**Development of Supracardinal Veins - week 6**

Answer 58

Question 59

**Shifts in Cardinal Vein Drainage - 7 weeks**

Answer 59

Question 60

**Disappearance of Posterior Cardinal Vein - 8 weeks**

Answer 60

Question 61

**Establishment of Mature Venous Drainage**

Answer 61