DHUBS1 - week 1 Flashcards
(21 cards)
superior
above
inferior
below
medial
toward midline
lateral
away from midline
proximal
toawrd point of attachement of a limb to a trunk
distal
tawrd point of attachement of a limb to the trunk
superficial
near surface
deep
away from surface
posterior
back surface
anterior
front surface
dorsal
back
ventral
belly
cadual
toward the tail
coronal/frontal plane
divides the body into front and back
sagittal plane
divides the body into left and right
trasnverse/horizontal plane
divides the body into top and bottom
levels of organisation in human body
chemcial level
celullar level
tissue level
organ level
organ system level
organism level
two general classes of cells
sex cells - reproductive cells
somatic cells - all other cells in the body
structure of a typical somatic cell
plasma membrane = outer boundary
cytoplasm = materail between memebrnae and nucleus
nucleus = control centre for cellular operations
4 basic mechanisms of cell signaling
Direct contact – direct interaction between cells
Paracrine signalling – communication between neighbouring cells
Endocrine signalling – communication between distal cells
Synaptic signalling - in the nervous system, sending signals between the synaptic gap
what are ligands and receptors
- Ligands behave like a ‘key’ whilst receptors are like the ‘lock’
- You must have the correct key to open the lock and vice versa
- The correct key initiates the process or signal transduction
The interaction between receptor and ligand initiates small charges in the receptor complex initiating the signalling cascade.
