DHUBS1 - week 4 Flashcards
(11 cards)
what is the endocrine system function?
control bodily functions
exerts control by releasing hormones
maintain internal homeostasis
support tissue growth
coordinate development
coordinate reproduction and fertility
list the endocrine glands
hypothalamus
pineal glan
pituitary gland
thyroid gland
parathyroid gland
pancrease
adrenal gland
ovary
testis
gastrointestinal tract
what is the pancreas
endocrine and exocrine organ
endocrine function: secreating insulin and glucagon, regulates blood glucose, lipids and proetin metabolism
exocrine function: contributes digestive enzymes to GI tract
the hypothalamus produces two releasing and inhibiting hormones, name them
anti-diuretic hormone: increases water absorption by kidneys
certicotrophin-releasing hormone: stimulates release of corticosteroid: regulate metabolism and immune response
when blood glucose rise…
beta cells secrete insulin, stimulates transport of glucose across cell membranes (into cells)
when blood glucose levels decrease…
alpha cells secrete glucagon, stimulates glycogen breakdown and glucose release by liver
what are the 3 classes of hormones based on chemical structure
amino acid derivatives
peptide hormones
lipid derivatives
class of hormones - amino acid derivatives
small molecules structurally related to ammino acids
synthesised
tyrosine
tryptophan
class of hormones - peptide hormones
chains of amino acids
synthesised as prohormones
two groups: glycoproteins, and shorts polypeptide chains and small proteins
class of hormones - lipid derivatives
two groups
- eicosanoids: derived fmor arachidonic acid
- steroid hormones: derived from cholesterol
can go into the cell because they can pass the plasma membrane
comparison of nervous and endocrine system
direct comunication vs indirect communication
quick response vs slow acting, slow response
responds to physical and chemical stimuli vs responds to chemical stimuli
both capable of secreting
