diabetes

Question 1

types of diabetes

Answer 1

T1, T2, gestational

Question 2

type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in

Answer 2

children, adults

Question 3

type 1 diabetes: the body _____ insulin

Answer 3

does not produce

Question 4

insulin allows the body to

Answer 4

properly use glucose

Question 5

___ is the basic fuel for the cells in the body

Answer 5

glucose

Question 6

insulin takes ___ from blood into ____ where it can provide energy

Answer 6

glucose, cells

Question 7

insulin is made from ____ cells inside of the ____

Answer 7

beta, pancreas

Question 8

beta cells release insulin to

Answer 8

help the body use or store glucose

Question 9

in type 1, beta cells

Answer 9

do not work

Question 10

in type 2, beta cells

Answer 10

don’t produce enough insulin for the amount of food eaten

Question 11

insulin cannot be taken in ___ form

Answer 11

pill

Question 12

insulin must be _____ to get into the bloodstream

Answer 12

injected subcutaneously

Question 13

length of time before insulin reaches the bloodstream and begins lowering blood glucose

Answer 13

onset

Question 14

time during which insulin is at maximum strength in terms of lowering blood glucose

Answer 14

peak time

Question 15

how insulin continues to lower blood glucose

Answer 15

duration

Question 16

one very long-acting insulin (___) starts to lower blood glucose levels ______ after injection, and keeps working ______

Answer 16

glargine
1 hour, evenly for 24 hours

Question 17

rapid onset time

Answer 17

5 min

Question 18

short onset time

Answer 18

30 min

Question 19

intermediate onset time

Answer 19

2-4 hours

Question 20

long onset time

Answer 20

6-10 hours

Question 21

rapid peak time

Answer 21

1 hour

Question 22

short peak time

Answer 22

2-3 hours

Question 23

intermediate peak time

Answer 23

4-12 hours

Question 24

rapid duration

Answer 24

2-4 hours

Question 25

short duration

Answer 25

3-6 hours

Question 26

intermediate duration

Answer 26

12-18 hours

Question 27

long duration

Answer 27

24 hours

Question 28

many factors influence your glucose levels: food and drink

Answer 28

what, when, quantity, ingestion order/speed

Question 29

many factors influence your glucose levels: exercise

Answer 29

when, how much, type, competitive/combative aspect

Question 30

many factors influence your glucose levels: medication

Answer 30

insulin type, injection quantity, time administered, injection site, boosters/vaccines

Question 31

many factors influence your glucose levels: miscellaneous

Answer 31

hydration, stress, illness, dawn effect, honeymoon phase, travel/time zone change

Question 32

T1 acute conditions

Answer 32

hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis

Question 33

hypoglycemia

Answer 33

low blood glucose

Question 34

hypoglycemia needs to be treated

Answer 34

quickly

Question 35

hypoglycemia potential to

Answer 35

pass out

Question 36

low blood sugars are ____ dangers whereas high blood sugars cause ____ issues

Answer 36

immediate, long term

Question 37

hypoglycemia symptoms

Answer 37

shakiness, dizziness, sweating, hunger, headache, pale skin, sudden moodiness or behavior change, clumsy or jerky movements, difficulty paying attention or confusion, tingling sensations around the mouth, passing out

Question 38

hypoglycemia causes

Answer 38

eating less CHO than planned exercising more than planned

Question 39

fastest way to raise blood glucose

Answer 39

quick ingestible sugar

Question 40

fastest way to administer sugar is

Answer 40

under the tongue, or sprayed in the nasal cavity

Question 41

hypoglycemia treatment

Answer 41

check glucose and ingest simple carbs based on rate of decline and activity; wait 15-20 min

Question 42

hypoglycemia: if someone passes out:

Answer 42

no insulin injection no foods or fluids nasal spray call emergency services

Question 43

hyperglycemia

Answer 43

high blood glucose levels

Question 44

hyperglycemia can be a serous long term problem if

Answer 44

untreated

Question 45

hyperglycemia happens when

Answer 45

the body has too little insulin or cant use it properly

Question 46

symptoms of hyperglycemia

Answer 46

high glucose concentration in urine increased thirst, frequency urination light tingling and constriction around the neck/throat

Question 47

hyperglycemia causes

Answer 47

eating more CHO than planned exercising less than planned illness/vaccination cortisone injection stressful situation

Question 48

hyperglycemia treatment: short term

Answer 48

insulin injection, exercise

Question 49

hyperglycemia treatment: long term

Answer 49

dietary and/or insulin regiment modification

Question 50

hyperglycemia treatment: four way balancing act

Answer 50

diet, mediation, exercise, lifestyle

Question 51

ketones

Answer 51

acids that build up in the blood (lowers pH)

Question 52

ketones are an indicator of

Answer 52

uncontrolled diabetes leading to ketoacidosis

Question 53

ketones appear in urine when

Answer 53

body does not have enough insulin

Question 54

ketone treatment

Answer 54

lifestyle modification and temporarily avoiding intense exercise

Question 55

diabetes complications

Answer 55

nerve damage, vascular issues, extremity conditions, accelerated heart disease, increased stroke risk, dental health, trigger finger

Question 56

most common form of diabetes

Answer 56

2

Question 57

in type 2, body _____ and/or cells____

Answer 57

does not produce enough insulin cannot metabolize glucose properly

Question 58

type 2 treatment

Answer 58

oral medications and lifestyle modifications

Question 59

T2 oral medications help in numerous ways

Answer 59

stop breakdown of starches support circadian rhythm decrease liver glycogen breakdown send more glucose out through urine stimulate pancreas to release insulin increase muscle sensitivity to insulin

Question 60

groups disproportionately affected by type 2

Answer 60

blacks, latinos, native Americans, aisan/Pacific Islanders, older individuals

Question 61

thrifty gene theory

Answer 61

weight gain occurs more easily/rapidly to manage feast and famine