Diagnosis: other abnormalities Flashcards

pathology behind non rhythm changes to ECG trace

1
Q

wide bifid P waves

A

P Mitrale:
mitral stenosis
Left atrial dilatation or hypertrophy.

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2
Q

Peaked P waves

A

P. Pulmonale:

R. Artrial enlargment, Pulmonary Hypertension (primary, congestive heart failure, tricuspid stenosis)

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3
Q

increased amplitude QRS

specifically sum of height of S wave in V1 and R wave in V6 >35mm

A

L Ventricular hypertrophy:

may also cause ST depression in lateral leads. this combinatino is called strain pattern

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4
Q

Decreased amplitude QRS

A

L Ventricular compression

pericarditis, hyperinflation / emphysema

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5
Q

Wide QRS (> 3 small squares)

A

abnormal conduction through bundle of HIS

causes- tricyclics, many many pathologies WPW)

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6
Q

Wide QRS with

  • RSR in V1
  • Deep S wave in V6
A

RBBB

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7
Q

-deep S in V1
-RSR in V6
+/- Wide complex and highly biazzaire ECG appearance overall

A

LBBB
this can be a sign of MI
Stop interpretation LBBB deranges other measurments

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8
Q

ST elevation over leads in one plain only

A

STEMI

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9
Q

Diffuse ST elevation saddle shaped

A

Pericarditis

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10
Q

Horizontal ST Depression

A

cardiac ischaemia:

angina, NSTEMI, hypokalaemia

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11
Q

reverse tick (downsloping) ST depression

A

Digoxin, ischaemia

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12
Q

T Wave inversion in chest leads V2 onwards 1 or 2

A

?NSTEMI

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13
Q

Tall Tented T waves

A

Hyperkaleamia
associated with P wave flattening/ loss
+ wide QRS

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14
Q

Flat broad T waves

A

hypokalaemia

ST depression and long QT

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15
Q

Completely erratic electrical activity

A

Ventricular Fib (shockable)

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16
Q

Broad complex tachycarida regular but highly abnormal

A

VT (shockable)

17
Q

normal eCG trace but with no associated cardiac output

A

Pusles Electrical Activity (NON-shockable)

18
Q

baseline with no waves or p waves and no corresponding ventricular activity

A

Asystole (p wave asystole)