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Part 2/3 boards > Diagnostic Imaging > Flashcards

Diagnostic Imaging Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

osteochondroma

A

MC benign bone tumor of the appendicular skeleton
either pedunculated (coat hanger exostosis/cauliflower) or sessile
20% undergo malingnancy

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2
Q

multiple osteochrondroma

A

hereditary multiple exostosis

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3
Q

unicameral bone cyst

A

Simple bone cyst

diaphyseal/metaphyseal location, centrally located, <20yo

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4
Q

aneuysmal bone cyst

A

diaphyseal/metaphyseal location, eccentrically located, <20yo

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5
Q

giant cell tumor

A

epiphyseal/metaphyseal location, 20-40yo, 20% of the time quasi-malignant

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6
Q

chondroblastoma

A

epipyseal/metaphyseal location, <20yo

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7
Q

osteoid osteoma

A

nightpain releived by aspirin

radiolucent central nidus with severe reactive sclerosis

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8
Q

brodie’s abscess

A

AKA chronic osteomyelitis

night pain relieved by aspirin; appears like an osteoid osteoma

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9
Q

enchondroma

A

MC BBT of hand. may have a stippled appearance

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10
Q

enchroncroma with soft tissue calcification

A

Maffucci’s syndrome

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11
Q

multiple enchrondromas

A

ollier’s disease

10-50% malignant degeneration

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12
Q

hemangioma

A

MC BBT of spine

will appear with vertical striations (corduroy cloth appearane)

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13
Q

enostoma

A

bone island

round or oblong radiopaque lesion

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14
Q

osteopoiklilosis

A

multiple bone islands

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15
Q

osteoblastoma

A

MC BBT to affect neural arch

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16
Q

osteoma

A

MC BBT of skull

MC found in frontal sinus and best seen on the Caldwell projection

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17
Q

fibrous dysplasia

A

monostotic form (70%) associated “rind sign”
pollystotic form (30%)
physiologic resorption of normal bone replaced by fibrous tissue
causes saber shin tibia, shepard’s rook, ground glass appearance, cafe au lait spots, coast of Maine appearance

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18
Q

neurofibromatosis

A

familial history
patient may present with scoliosis, cervical kyphosis, vertebral body scalloping with IVF enlargement
cafe au lait spot
coast of Maine appearance

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19
Q

multiple myeloma

A

> 50, cachexia, weight loss, anemia, most common primary malignancy of bone, malignant proliferation of plasma cells infiltrating bone marrow
normocytic normochromic
multiple diark densities that are similar in size (punched out lesions), can cause pathological collapse
rain drop skull

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20
Q

labs associated wtiht mulitple myeloma

A 
M spike on immunoelectrophoresis
reversal of A/G ratio
bence-Jones proteinuria
elevated ESR
cold bone scan
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21
Q

metastatic disease

A

lytic and blastic

most common malignnant tumor of bone

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22
Q

lytic metastasis

A

> 40yo recent unexplained weight loss, skeletal pain worse at night
trabeculae reabsorbed turn the bone karder in color. moth eaten or permeative pattern of destrucion
“eats” pedicle of bone
swiss cheese appearance in skull

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23
Q

labs associated with kytic metastasis

A

alkaline phosphatase

hot bone scan

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24
Q

hodgkin’s disease

A

most common form of metastasis in ages 20-40
ivory white vertebrae with anterior body scalloping
unilateral hilar lymphadenopathy in causasian males seen in PA chest view
need biopsy to confirm (reed sternberg cells)

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25
blastic metastasis
>40yo ivory white vertebrae; no cortical thickening or bone enlargement labs: increased aklaline phosphatase hot bone scan
26
paget's
males >50yo stages: lytic/destructive, combined, sclerotic, malignant(osteosarcoma) causes cortical thickening, picture frame vertebrae, increased bone density, coarsened trabeculae, bone expansion, bowing deformities, pelvic bim thickening, osteoporosis circumscripta
27
labs for paget's
increased alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline | hot bone scan
28
osteosarcoma
MC malignancy found in children 10-30yo | causes a periosteal reaction that is spiculated/radiating/sunburst in appearance
29
labs for osteosarcoma
increased alkalkine phosphatase | bone scan
30
chondrosarcoma and fibrosarcoma
>400 creates a spiculated/radiating/sunburst periosteal reaction of bone
31
ewing's sarcoma
10-25yo MC found in diaphysis of long bones permeative lesion taht causes a milti-paralleled onion skin (laminated) type of periosteal reaction bone expansion codman's triangle, saucerization
32
chordoma
>40yo aberrant notochordal cell tumor. MC found in sacrum, second most commonlocation is in the skull
33
scoliosis
females 13-19, named for side of major convexity
34
types of scoliosis
rotatory (spinouses deviate to concavity | simple scoliosis-spinouses deviate to convexity
35
lines of mensuration for scoliosis
cobb's and risser ferguson's
36
scoliosis measurements for 25 years and younger
under 20 degrees: adjust and monitor 21-40 degrees: send to orthopedist for bracing (Milwaukee) over 40 degrees: surgical consultation over 50 degrees: cardio-pulmonary compromise and DJD
37
how to monitor scoliosis
risser's sign | wrist films
38
rheumatoid arthritis
symmetrical distribution, bilateral uniform loss of joint space, rat biet erosions, pannus formation, localized periarticular osteoporosis, DIP spared, atlanto-axial instability
39
signs/labs with RA
haygarth's swan neck, boutonniere deformity ulnar or fibular deviation (Lanois deformity) baker's cyst labs: +RA latex, +FANA, +ESR, +CRP, normocytic normochromic anemia
40
AS (Marie Strumpell)
males 15-35yo, low back pain with morning stiffness. starts in SIjoints associated with iritis
41
orthopedics for AS
chest expansion, forester's bowstring, lewin supine
42
radiographic signs for AS
``` bilateral SI joint fusion shiny corner sign bilaterl marginal syndesmophytes squaring of vertebral bodies bamboo spine dager sign trolley track sign poker spine carrot stick fracutre ```
43
labs for AS
+HLA B27 | +ESR
44
enteropathic arthropathy
identical to AS in pelvis with GIdysfunction
45
psoriatic arthritis
males 20-50 silver scaly lesions on extensors, pitted mails, cocktail sausage digits increase in joint space, mouse ear deformity, pencil in cup deformity, ray sign, atlanto-axial instability, non-marginal syndesmophytes in the spine +HLA B27
46
reactive arthritis
males 20-30 urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis, caused by chlamydia calcaneal spur, fluffy periostitis, non-maringal syndesmophytes in apine +HLA B27
47
SLE
females, sunlight precipitates a skin rash, ural ulcers, discoid lesion, alopecia, raynaud's phenomenon can cause ulnar deviation of phalanges with no joint destruction positive rebound effect
48
labs for SLE
+LE prep, +FANA, +FA latex, +ESR, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia co manage with rheumatologist
49
scerloderma
females 30-50yo associated with erosions of teh distal tufts of the phlaanges (acro-osteolysis) associated with CRESTsyndrome
50
labs associated with Scleroderma
+FANA, +RA latex (30%)
51
osteitis condensans ilii
multiparous females, 204-yo bilateral/symmetric triangular sclerotic area on the lower half of the ilium. joint space is normal self resolving, no labs case management:trochanteric belt for stability
52
DJD
non-inflammatory, MC involves weight bearing joints usually stiffens with rest and improves with activity complications: spinal stensosis, IVF encroachment, MC site in spine is C5/6
53
DJD in spine
IVD narrowing, osteophytes, edplate sclerosis
54
DJD in hand
heberden's nodes decresed joint space with sclerosis asymmetrical distribution, non-uniform loss of space
55
DJD in hip
decreased superolateral joint space with sclerosis
56
knee DJD
decreased medial joint space with lateral space preserved
57
DISH
males>40 with neck stiffness or pain onswallowing associated with diabetes mellitus can cause ossification of PLL, and ALL
58
radiographic findings of DISH
flowing hyperostosis, candle wax drippings, 4 contiguous segments involved, disc space preserved
59
neurogenic arthropathy (charcot's joint)
secondary to imparied sensory function in joints | seen in diabetes tabes dorsalis, syphilis, syringomelia
60
6Ds common in weight bearing joints
distention, density of subchondral sclerosis, debris within joint, dislocation, disorganization, destuction of bone
61
synoviochondrometaplasia
MC joint affected is knee | results i multiple loose bodies within the joint that ar round or ovoid in shape

Part 2/3 boards (16 decks)

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