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biology > Digestive > Flashcards

Digestive Flashcards

1
Q

breaking down of food

A

DIGESTION

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2
Q
  • grinding & chopping Ex: Mastication
A

Mechanical digestion

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3
Q

– by the use of chemicals

A

Chemical digestion

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4
Q

roof of the mouth

A

Palate

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5
Q

mix and pushes the food

A

Tongue

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6
Q

3 pairs; produces salivary amylase (saliva)

A

Salivary glands

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7
Q

mastication

A

Teeth

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8
Q

cutting

A

Incisors

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9
Q

tearing

A

Canines

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10
Q

grinding

A

Premolars

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11
Q

grinding

A

molars

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12
Q

Prevents food entry to trachea

A

Epiglottis

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13
Q

ball of food

A

Bolus

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14
Q

movement of esophagus

A

Peristalsis

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15
Q

Temporary Food storage and site of chemical digestion.

A

STOMACH

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16
Q

folds of stomach

A

Rugae

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17
Q

Junction of
esophagus and stomach

A

Esophageal sphincter:

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18
Q

Junction of stomach and small intestine

A

Pyloric sphincter

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19
Q

produce mucus (protects stomach)

A

Mucous cells

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20
Q

Gastric chief cells produces?

A

produces pepsin (digest proteins)

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21
Q

Gastric amylase

A

Digest starch

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22
Q

Gastric Lipase

A

Digest fats (triglyceride → 1 free fatty
acid)

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23
Q

Gastric juice

A

: combined HCl, mucus and enzymes

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24
Q

partially digested liquid food

25
SMALL INTESTINE size
- Longest (7m) in length and 2.5cm in diameter
26
SMALL INTESTINE parts
Duodenum, Jejunum , Iluem
27
Completion of chemical digestion:
pancreas, liver, and gallbladder.
28
Largest internal organ
Liver
29
 what does liver produce
produce Bile;
30
Where is bile stored
Gallbladder
31
? digest fats into tiny droplets through ?
Liver emulsiication
32
Pancreas - secretes
pancreatic juice pancreatic juice
33
Pancreatic amylase
Carbs →Maltose)
34
(digests fats triglyceride → 2 free fatty acid)
Pancreatic lipase:
35
SMALL INTESTINE
Duodenum and Jejunum Ileum
36
–tiny projections of Small I.
Villi
37
tiny projections of Villi
Microvilli –
38
contains capillaries where the absorption of nutrients occurs.
SMALL INTESTINE Duodenum and Jejunum
39
Absorbs calcium, zinc, and vitamins
Iilum
40
LARGE INTESTINES size
About 1.5 m in length and 6.5 cm in diameter
41
Large intestines incldes
Includes cecum, colon, rectum and anal canal
42
LARGE INTESTINES prodiuces
produce vitamin K and some B vitamins using bacteria
43
LARGE INTESTINES does what
Absorbs water
44
Indigestible material then becomes solid and is called
Feces
45
end of large intestine - Temporary storage of waste material
RECTUM
46
end of the rectum - where feces comes out of the body.
ANUS
47
ANUS It consists of a muscular ring called ?, that opens during a bowel movement to allow feces to pass through,
anal sphincter
48
food poisoning; clostridium botulinum
1. Foodborne Botulism
49
Food poisoning; Salmonella
2. Salmonellosis
50
Salmonella Typhi; severe
Typhoid fever
51
indigestion ; Heartburn, nausea, vomiting
Dyspepsia
52
disorder resulting to indigestion
Organic Dyspepsia
53
– nervous disorder/no obvious cause can be found
Dyspepsia Functional
54
open sore in the mucous membrane
Peptic Ulcer
55
- Difficulty in defecation due to dry feces
Constipation
56
– rapid movement of feces in the colon; insufficient removal of water
Diarrhea
57
–painful infection of the colon
Dysentery
58
0. Effects of Alcohol –
diarrhea, nausea, vomiting & Cance

biology (35 decks)

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