Digestive System Flashcards
(88 cards)
Name the alimentary canal and organs (gastrointestinal tract)
mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus
Name accessory digestive organs
tongue, teeth, and glands
What are the functions of the liver?
- Formation and secretion of bile.
- Nutrients and vitamin metabolism.
- Inactivates some substances (toxins, steroid, and other hormones)
- Synthesis of plasma proteins.
- Contributes with immunity.
what is the function of the gallbladder?
Does not make bile, but stores and concentrates it.
what is the function of bile?
-Bile secretion contains bile salts and phospholipids
-which break the fat, in the process called “Emulsification.”
Pharynx has …… skeletal muscle layers lined with …….. ……… epithelium.
1.two
2. stratified squamous
What are the functions of the stomach?
- receive food from the esophagus, mix food with gastric juice.
- Start protein digestion.
- Move food into the small intestine.
what is the function of the pancreas?
The acini glands of the exocrine pancreas produce pancreatic juice.
Name the enzymes the pancreatic juice consists off and their roles.
- Amylase: which digests carbohydrates.
- Lipase: which digests of fat.
- Trypsin, chymotrypsin, digests protein.
What are the functions of the large intestine?
- Absorptions of less than 10% of the nutrients
- prepares fecal material for ejection from the body.
- Reabsorption of water and other substances such as bile salts, vitamins, toxins of bacteria.
Small intestine consists of …….
duodenum, jejunum and ileum
Abdominopelvic cavity contains most ….. organs.
G1
Serous membranes, including the peritoneum, are ………, with serous fluid between them, allowing …….. movement of digestive organs
1.smooth
2.easy
What is the peritoneum?
-thin serous membrane
-smooth
-transparent
-two-layered
-lubricated by fluid derived from serum
Parietal peritoneum surrounds most of the …… organs and ……..
1.digestive
2.tissue
Visceral peritoneum is ………… with the………….. and wraps around the ……. …….., supporting it.
1.continuous
2. mesentery
3. G1 tract
The posterior surface of the greater omentum is laced with ……. to …….., ……… and ………..
1.fat
2.insulate, cushion and protect
what are the 6 G1 functions?
ingestion, propulsion, mechanical digestion, digestion, absorption and defecation
what is ingestion?
taking food into the digestive tract ( eating)
what does propulsion do?
-moves food through alimentary canal ( swallowing) which is initiated voluntarily
-peristalsis , an involuntary process ( waves of contraction and relaxation of muscles in the organ walls)
what does mechanical digestion do?
-increases surface area of ingested food to prepare it for digestion by enzymes.
-process involves chewing, mixing food with saliva, churning food and segmentation. -Segmentation mixes food with digestive juices and makes absorption efficient by repeatedly moving diff parts of the food mass over the intestinal wall