Digestive System Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the two methods in which food is broke down within the body?
Mechanical digestion
Chemical digestion
The process in which the food is physical broken down into smaller pieces
Mechanical digestion
Food is broken down into smaller pieces by chemical manipulation of enzymes and acids
Chemical digestion
What do salivary glands do?
They produce enzymes that break down carbohydrates
What is the alimentary canal?
This is the pathway in which food passes through your body
What are the functions of the digestive system?
- break down food into a soluble form so that nutrients can be absorbed into the body
- eliminate insoluble waste from the body
Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine
All found in the alimentary canal
Small ball of food created by the tongue when chewing food
Bolus
What is the pharynx?
Technical term for throat
The bolus is swallowed passes through the pharynx and travels down into the esophagus
What are the parts of the stomach?
Cardiac sphincter Fundus Body Pylorus Pyloric sphincter
The round band of muscle located at the top of the stomach
Cardiac sphincter
What is the fundus?
Makes up the rounded upper section of the stomach and acts as a storage space for undigested food and stomach gases that are produced by chemical digestion
What are the parts of the small intestine?
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
The larger middle section of the stomach where physical and chemical digestion occurs
The body of the stomach
Bolus that has passed through the pylorus becomes this soupy substance
Chyme
What is the pylorus?
The pylorus is the last section of the stomach that stores the digested food from the body of the stomach before it passes into the small intestine.
Round band of muscle located at the bottom of the stomach that allows chyme to travel from the pylorus into the small intestine
Pyloric sphincter
What is illeum?
Illeum is also lined with villi and microvilli to help with the absorption nutrients and lipids
What are Small finger like projections of tissue?
villi
What is the pancreas considered and why?
Considered to be a gland and an organ because it produces hormones to assist with the endocrine system and enzymes help break down food in the digestive system
What does pancreatic amylase?
Breaks down carbs
What is the pancreatic lipase?
Breaks down fats
What is trypsin ?
Breaks down proteins
What is peristalsis?
Peristalsis is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract. The process of peristalsis begins in the esophagus when a bolus of food is swallowed.
