Diseases of the eye

Question 1

The most highly developed of all specialty senses

Answer 1

Eye

Question 2

Diseases of the eye are divided into 3 categories

Answer 2

1.Diseases involving accessory structures
2. Diseases involving structures within the globe
3.Diseases that involve the retina and neural pathways

Question 3

Diseases involving accessory structures

Answer 3

Conjunctivitis, Epiphora, Keratoconjunctivitis sick (KCS), Cherry eye

Question 4

What are the accessory structures of the eye

Answer 4

Eyelids, tear ducts, third eyelid, lacrimal glands

Question 5

Conjunctivitis in dogs is typically

Answer 5

Non-infectious

Question 6

Conjunctivitis of cats is typically

Answer 6

infectious

Question 7

Epiphora

Answer 7

over production of tears

Question 8

Keratoconjunctivitis sick (KCS) commonly referred to as

Answer 8

Dry eye

Question 9

Any condition that impairs the ability to produce adequate amounts of tear film can result in

Answer 9

Dry eye

Question 10

KCS causes

Answer 10

immune mediated disease that damage tear producing glands, systemic diseases like canine distemper or feline herpes, hypothyroidism

Question 11

Normal STT is

Answer 11

20 +/-5

Question 12

With KCS there is often

Answer 12

thick yellowish mucoid discharge present

Question 13

Blepharitis

Answer 13

inflammation/swelling of the eyelids

Question 14

Hordeolum

Answer 14

Access of sebaceous gland

Question 15

Entropion

Answer 15

defect involving the eyelids causing them to roll in toward the cornea

Question 16

Ectropion

Answer 16

defect involving the eyelids causing them to roll outward exposing the cornea

Question 17

3 forms of entropion

Answer 17

1.Congenital 2.Acquired non-spastic
3.Acquired spastic

Question 18

What is cherry eye

Answer 18

Prolapse/hypertrophy/ inflammation of the gland of the nictitating membrane

Question 19

it is considered __ to remove a cherry eye

Answer 19

malpractice

Question 20

Diseases involving the structures within the globe

Answer 20

Corneal ulcers, cataracts, glaucoma, uveitis, trauma

Question 21

Glaucoma is

Answer 21

increased pressure within the eye

Question 22

Normal IOP is

Answer 22

20 +/-5

Question 23

How does glaucoma effect the eye

Answer 23

Pain due to IOP (increased ocular pressure) and vision loss

Question 24

Primary glaucoma is

Answer 24

inherited

Question 25

Secondary glaucoma

Answer 25

occurs when other eye diseases cause decreased drainage of fluid from inside the eye

Question 26

__ development of IOP>60 mm Hg can produce blindness within hours

Answer 26

Acute

Question 27

Tonometry is

Answer 27

measurement of IOP

Question 28

Main client education for glaucoma

Answer 28

A progressive condition that will require life-long treatment

Question 29

Ulcerative keratitis aka

Answer 29

corneal ulcers

Question 30

One of the most common cause of ocular disease in horse

Answer 30

corneal ulcers

Question 31

Why should you not give steroids for ulcerative keratitis?

Answer 31

steroids will slow the healing process and may make the ulcer worse

Question 32

Chronic superficial keratitis aka

Answer 32

Pannus

Question 33

Pannus is

Answer 33

an immune mediated corneal disease primarily found in the German shepherd breed

Question 34

What is a cataract

Answer 34

any opacity within a lens

Question 35

Secondary disease of cataracts in dogs

Answer 35

Diabetes mellitus, hypocalcemia, other ocular diseases, toxicity

Question 36

Secondary diseases for cataracts in cats (rare)

Answer 36

FeLV, Toxoplasmosis

Question 37

Uveitis is almost always a

Answer 37

Systemic disease

Question 38

Clinical signs of Anterior Uveitis

Answer 38

decreased IOP, epiphora, episcleral injection, prolapsed 3rd eyelid

Question 39

Recurrent uveitis aka

Answer 39

Moon blindness

Question 40

Diseases involving the retina and neural pathway

Answer 40

Progressive retinal atrophy

Question 41

Clinical signs of Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)

Answer 41

loss of night vision w/ slowly progressive loss of day vision and formation of cataracts

Question 42

Diagnosis of PRA is full ophthalmic exam and ERG which is

Answer 42

electroretinography which measures the electrical responses of various cell types in the retina