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Pathology & Diseases > Infectious Diseases of Ruminant & Swine > Flashcards

Infectious Diseases of Ruminant & Swine Flashcards

1
Q

Etiology of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (BRD)

A

IBR: Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis: Bovine Herpes Virus 1
BVDV: Bovine viral diarrhea virus
PI3: Parainfluenza-3 virus
BRSV: Bovine respiratory syncytial virus

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2
Q

BRD develops as a result of

A

Complex interactions between environmental factors, host factors, and pathogens

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3
Q

Secondary infections of BRD

A

Pasteurella multocida
Mannheimia haemolytica
Histophilus omni
Mycoplasma Boris

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4
Q

BRD often leads to

A

Bacterial pneumonia, shipping fever pneumonia, enzootic pneumonia in calves

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5
Q

Diagnosis of BRD

A

Clinical signs, hx, serology, virus isolation

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6
Q

Treatment of BRD focuses on

A

Antimicrobial therapy to control secondary bacterial pneumonia

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7
Q

Vaccine of BRD

A

IBR-BVD-PI3-BRSV

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8
Q

PI animals are produced when

A

a fetus is infected while partially immunocompetent thus recognizing viral cells as self and not mounting an immune response

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9
Q

The goal of vaccination for BVDV is

A

is to minimize respiratory disease secondary to BVD exposure and to prevent the occurrence of PI animals

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10
Q

Clostridia are

A

relatively large, anaerobic, spore-forming, rod-shaped, gram positive bacterial organisms

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11
Q

Etiology of Clostridial disease:Tetanus

A

Clostridium tetani

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12
Q

Clinical signs of Tetanus

A

localized stiffness, often involving the masseter muscles and muscles of the neck, hindlimbs, and region of the infected wound

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13
Q

Diagnosis of Tetanus

A

Hx,clinical signs, presence of toxin in serum

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14
Q

Clostridial disease: Malignant edema is

A

an acute generally fatal toxemia affecting all species and ages of animals

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15
Q

Etiology of Malignant edema

A

Clostridium septicum

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16
Q

Clinical signs of Malignant edema

A

-local lesions are soft swellings that pit on pressure; the muscles turns dark brown to black
-Accumulation of gas in SQ tissue and along muscles fascias may be present
-Extensive local sloughing of skin and tissues is often seen in progressed states of malignant edema

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17
Q

Etiology of Clostridial Disease:Blackleg

A

Clostridium chauvoei

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18
Q

Blackleg disease

A

acute febrile highly fatal disease of cattle and sheep

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19
Q

blackleg is characterized by

A

emphysematous swelling, commonly affecting heavy muscles (clostridial myositis)

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20
Q

C. chauvoei is found naturally in

A

the intestinal tract of animals

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21
Q

Clinical signs of Blackleg

A

onset is sudden, and a few cattle may be found dead without premonitory signs. acute severe lameness and marked depression are common

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22
Q

Vaccine for blackleg

A

7-way or Blackleg vaccine

23
Q

Leptospiral servers of major importance in cattle are

A

Hardjo and pomona

24
Q

Clinical signs of Leptospirosis

A

Reproductive loss through abortion and stillbirth of premature and weak infected calves

25
Q

Vaccination for leptospirosis

A

Two doses in calf-hood then every 3-12 months in adult-hood

26
Q

Vibriosis

A

a venereal disease of cattle caused by a bacterial infection with Campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis

27
Q

Vibriosis is spread at

A

joining either from an infected bull to an uninfected cow or vice versa

28
Q

Initial indication of Vibriosis

A

cows returning to service and low pregnancy rates

29
Q

Transmission of Diarrhea in calves

A

With all enter-pathogens, healthy adult cattle may be carriers and periodically excrete the organism in feces. Excretion may increase around parturition

30
Q

Etiology of Mastitis

A

Bacterial: staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, corynebacterium ovis, mycoplasma spp, escherichia

31
Q

Prevention of mastitis

A

Husbandry

32
Q

etiology of brucellosis

A

brucella abortus

33
Q

Clinical signs of Brucellosis

A

abortion, stillborn, or weak calves, retained placentas, reduced milk yield

34
Q

Tests for Brucellosis

A

Brucella milk ring test (MRT), Rose Bengal Plate test

35
Q

All states are considered free of

A

Brucellosis

36
Q

Identification of Brucellosis Vaccinate

A

Tattoo in right ear

37
Q

Etiology of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (pinkeye)

A

Moraxella bovis

38
Q

Enterotoxemia caused by

A

Clostridium perfringens types B and C

39
Q

Infection with C perfringens types B and C causes

A

Sever enteritis, dysentery, toxemia, high mortality

40
Q

Typer D enterotoxemia aka

A

Pulp kidney disease, overeating disease

41
Q

Etiology of Type D Enterotoxemia

A

C perfringens type D

42
Q

Contagious Ecthyma (orf)

A

infectious dermatitis of sheep and goats that affects primarily the lips of young animals but can occasionally affect people through direct contact.

43
Q

Clinical Signs of Ecthyma

A

lesions develop at mucocutaneous junction of lips and around erupting incisor teeth, may extend to mucosa of buccal cavity

44
Q

All ruminants are susceptible to __ disease

A

Johne’s

45
Q

Etiology of John’s Disease

A

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

46
Q

How does Johne’s disease progress

A

Slowly

47
Q

clinical signs of Johne’s disease

A

weight loss, chronic progressive diarrhea, dependent edema, emaciation, death

48
Q

Erysipelas is a

A

Significant bacterial and zoonotic pathogen of swine, turkeys, and sheep.

49
Q

Etiology of erysipelas

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

50
Q

Acute outbreaks of swine erysipelas are characterized by

A

acute outbreaks of sudden and unexpected deaths, febrile episodes, painful joints, skin lesion, cyanosis, diamond skin

51
Q

Swine Dysentery

A

a mucohemorrhagic diarrheal disease of pigs that affects the large intestine

52
Q

Etiology of Swine Dysentery

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

53
Q

Transmissible Gastroenteritis in Pigs (TGE)

A

a common viral disease of the small intestine that causes vomiting and profuse diarrhea in pigs of all age

54
Q

Etiology of TGE

A

Coronavirus

Pathology & Diseases (6 decks)

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