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Microbiology Unit 2 > diseases part 1 > Flashcards

diseases part 1 Flashcards

(111 cards)

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1
Q

impetigo cause

A

staphylococcus aureus

streptococcus pyrogens

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2
Q

impetigo S/SX

A

skin lesions on face, lips, arms, legs
blister and oozing
thick honey-colored

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3
Q

impetigo lab tests

A

culture of skin or mucosal lesion

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4
Q

impetigo treatment

A

antibacterial cream

oral antibiotics

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5
Q

impetigo transmitted

A

contagious

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6
Q

Scalded skin syndrome definition

A

shedding

affects infants and children under 5

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7
Q

scalded skin syndrome cause

A

staphylococcus aureus

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8
Q

scalded skin syndrome virulence

A

staphlococci produce exfoliative toxins A and B

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9
Q

scalded skin syndrome S/Sx

A 
fever
redness of skin
spreads over body
large areas of skin peel away
painful skin
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10
Q

scalded skin syndrome lab tests

A

positive Nikolsky’s sign

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11
Q

scalded skin syndrome treatment

A

antibiotics

dehydrate

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12
Q

scalded skin syndrome transmitted

A

direct contact

droplet contact

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13
Q

scalded skin syndrome complications

A

septicemia
dehydration
poor temp control
cellulitis

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14
Q

gas gangrene definition

A

tissue death

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15
Q

gas gangrene cause

A

infection by Clostridium perfringes

Group A Streptococcus

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16
Q

gas gangrene S/SX

A

bubbles
edema
bloody exudate
tachycardia

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17
Q

gas gangrene lab tests

A 
gram-positive rods 
spore formation
X-ray
CT scan
MRI
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18
Q

gas gangrene treatment

A

removal of dead tissue
amputation
antibiotics
oxygen therapy

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19
Q

gas gangrene transmitted

A

soil
GI tract
reproductive tract

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20
Q

gas gangrene complications

A

jaundice
sepsis
stupor
delirium

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21
Q

chickenpox definition

A

itchy
fluid-filled blisters
bust and form crusts

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22
Q

chickenpox cause

A

varicella-zoster

herpes zoster

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23
Q

chickenpox S/SX

A

headache
tummy ache
loss of appetite
2-4 days after breaking out

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24
Q

chickenpox lab test

A

blood tests

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25
chickenpox treatment
oatmeal baths
26
chickenpox transmitted
contagious direct contact droplet transmission airborne transmission
27
chickenpox complications
encephalitis reyes syndrome pneumonia myocarditis
28
chickenpox other
DO NOT USE ASPIRIN
29
measles definition
``` viral illness fever cough conjunctivitis spreading rash ```
30
measles virulence
syncytium formation | suppress immune response
31
measles S/SX
``` sore throat runny nose bloodshot eyes tiny white spots inside mouth photophobia ```
32
measles lab test
ELISA
33
measles treatment
Vitamin K bed rest humidified air acetaminophen
34
measles transmitted
8-12 days before symptoms appear
35
measles complication
otitis media bronchitis pneumonia
36
leishmaniasis definition
parasitic disease | bite of the sandfly
37
leishmaniasis S/SX
``` enlarged spleen enlarged liver enlarged lymph nodes night sweats weight loss abdominal discomfort vomitting ```
38
leishmaniasis treatment
megulumine antimonite
39
ringworm definition
skin infection | especially children
40
ringworm cause
fungus | on body, scalp, groin, feet
41
ringworm S/Sx
``` red raised scaly sharply-defined edges redder on outside normal tone in center ```
42
ringworm lab tests
appear florescent with blue light
43
ringworm treatment
clean and dry OTC anti-fungal creams wash sheets everyday while infected
44
ringworm transmitted
skin-to-skin contaminated items pets cats common carriers
45
Impetigo definition
skin disorder | crusting skin lesion
46
cutaneous anthrax definition
direct contact with bacteria
47
cutaneous anthrax cause
Bacillus anthracis
48
cutaneous anthrax virulence
endospore formation capsule lethal factor edema factor
49
cutaneous anthrax S/SX
ulcer forms black scab malaise swollen painful lymph nodes
50
cutaneous anthrax treatment
oral antibiotics penicillin doxucycline CIPRO
51
cutaneous anthrax transmitted
no known transmission from person to person open wound direct contact with endospores
52
cutaneous anthrax prevention
6 dose series
53
cutaneous anthrax complication
spread into bloodstream | shock and death
54
meningitis definition
inflammation of membranes that protect brain
55
meningitis cause
``` bacteria yeast viruses Neisseria meningitides Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus influenzae listeria monocytoigenes cryptocus neoformans coccidiodes immitis ```
56
meningitis S/SX
``` chills severe headache stiff neck photophobia mental status change purple skin ```
57
meningitis lab tests
lumbar puncture | head CT
58
meningitis transmitted
close contact with secretions | droplets
59
meningitis prevention
HiB vaccine | Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
60
meningitis complications
``` hearing loss deafness brain damage loss of vision hydrocephalus ```
61
neonatal meningitis cause
Streptococcus agalactiae E. coli Listeria monocytogenes
62
Neonatal meningitis S/SX
``` unstable temp poor feeding breathing difficulties grunting rapid breathing cyanosis lethargy shock ```
63
neonatal meningitis lab tests
blood culture CSF culture urine culture CBC
64
neonatal meningitis treatment
penicillin
65
neonatal meningitis prevention
avoid unpasteurized dairy products
66
neonatal meningitis complications
``` hearing loss blindness cerebral palsy retardation epilepsy ```
67
encephalitis definition
inflammation of brain
68
encephalitis cause
viral infection
69
encephalitis S/SX
unsteady gait light-sensitivity stiff neck and back drowsiness
70
encephalitis lab tests
``` serological tests lumbar puncture EEG brain MRI CAT scan ```
71
encephalitis treatment
antiviral medications supportive care relieve symptoms
72
encephalitis prevention
control mosquitos | animal vaccination
73
encephalitis complications
neurological impairments | (memory, speech, vision, hearing, muscle control,
74
toxoplasmas gondii define
single-cell parasite
75
toxoplasmas gondii cause
infected cat shedding the organism in feces
76
toxoplasmas gondii virulence
intracellular growth cell fusion invade host
77
toxoplasmas gondii S/SX
not aware of it "flu" swollen lymph nodes last for a month of more
78
toxoplasmas gondii lab tests
serological detection of IgM antibodies
79
Toxoplasmas gondii treatment
not needed
80
toxoplasmas gondii transmitted
raw or partly cooked meat (pork,lamb, venison)
81
toxoplasmas gondii prevention
wear gloves when gardening or handling soil cook meat thoroughly pregnant women should not clean cats's liter box
82
rabies define
viral infection
83
rabies cause
rhandoviridiae virus | bite wound or open wound
84
rabies virulence
envelope glycoprotein
85
rabies S/SX
``` pain at site of bite swallowing difficulty muscle spasms convulsions numbness loss of feeling in area drooling anxiety ```
86
rabies lab tests
observe animal | immunofluorescence of necropsy
87
rabies treatment
cleaning wound | immunization
88
rabies transmitted
dog bite | bats
89
rabies prevention
vaccination of dogs and cats every 2 years
90
tetanus define
toxin of bacterium lockjaw affects CNS
91
tetanus cause
Clostridium tetani live in soil
92
tetanus virulence
tetanospasm in exotoxin
93
tetanus S/SX
``` spasms and tightening of jaw stiffness and spasms of: neck chest abdominal back titanic seizures irritability ```
94
tetanus treatment
antitoxin penicillin remove and destroy source of tetanus
95
tetanus transmitted
rusty nails
96
tetanus prevention
active tetanus immunization | 10 years protected
97
tetanus complications
``` airway obstruction respiratory arrest heart failure pneumonia fractures ```
98
botulism define
intoxication of bacterial exotoxin
99
botulism cause
Clostridium botulinum in soil untreated water
100
botulism S/Sx
``` speech impairment feeling loss eyelid drooping absent or decreased gag reflex paralyzed bowel ```
101
botulism treatment
hospital
102
botulism transmitted
canned foods
103
botulism prevention
honey or corn syrup NOT give to children 1 year old discard bulging vans sterilize home canned foods
104
African sleeping sickness define
2 protozoan parasites
105
african sleeping sickness cause
Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
106
african sleeping sickness virulence
antigen shifting
107
african sleeping sickness S/SX
``` swollen lymph nodes swelling face and hands weight loss difficulty walking seizures ```
108
african sleeping sickness lab tests
CSF | blood analysis
109
african sleeping sickness treatment
NO vaccine
110
african sleeping sickness transmitted
tsetse flies
111
african sleeping sickness prevention
wear protective clothing thick fabric khakki or olive colored clothing insect repellent

Microbiology Unit 2 (6 decks)

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