- DNA structure/replication & protein synthesis Flashcards

(29 cards)

1
Q

Name the different types of Nucleic acid that makes up DNA

A

Guanine,Thymine, Cytosine, and Andenine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What makes Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine and Andeine the same

A

The Phosphate and the sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What types of bonds hold the DNA model together

A

Weak hydrogen bonds to the pairs an Strong covalent bonds bond to the Sugar and Phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How can you tell DNA is Anti-parallel

A

You can tell when the strands go in opposite directions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Can you determine the direction of each side

A

Whatever side your sugar is on that’s your 5 prime side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What patterns show up in DNA

A

G and T are on opposite sides and A and C are upside down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is different between RNA and DNA

A

RNA is a single strand while DNA is a double strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Purpose of DNA

A

It holds our genetic material and it is the blue print for proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What direction does DNA Polymarse only travel in

A

Going 3 prime to 5 prime to build a 5 prime to 3 prime strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the fragments called on two lagging strands

A

Okazaki Fragments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the result of DNA replication

A

Two identical DNA molecules are formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why is DNA replication nesscary

A

Replicationg so that cells can have the same DNA from the cell its coming from

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why is DNA Replication said to be semi-conservative

A

It is semi-conservative because one of the strand of DNA is conserved while the other is newly produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What would the chromosomes to the right look like after DNA Replication

A

A sister Chromtaid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DNA Replication process

A

The Enzyme Helicase unzips the DNA into two strands
DNA Polymarse helps find complementary bases and bind according to base-pairing rules
Two identical DNA molecules are formed each with and “old” strand a new strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Central Dogma

A

The Flow of genetic info DNA goes to transcription to RNA translation to protein

17
Q

mRNA

A

Copies instructions in DNA and carries these to the ribosome in the cytoplasm

18
Q

tRNA

A

binds and carries specific amino Acids to the ribosome

19
Q

rRNA

A

along with proteins it makes up ribosomes

20
Q

In what process is mRNA synthesized

A

Transcription

21
Q

What is a codon?

A

A set of three nucleotides which form a code for amino acids

22
Q

What is the purpose for anti-codon

A

To base pair with the codon to bring the correct Amino acids that are being drooped off

23
Q

What is a polypeptide a sequence of?

A

Chains of amino acids and its boned by peptide bonds

24
Q

What two things does tRNA transfers or carry to the ribosome

A

Amino acids and anti-codons

25
In what two places in the cell can translation occur
The cytoplasm and the rough ER
26
Where does translation occur
It occurs in the nucleus because that's where DNA is so it must happen there
27
How many codons equal 1 amino acid
1
28
How many nucleotides equal 1 amino acids
3
29
What is an anti-codon where is it located
Complementary 3 nucleotides located on t RNA