- DNA structure/replication & protein synthesis Flashcards
(29 cards)
Name the different types of Nucleic acid that makes up DNA
Guanine,Thymine, Cytosine, and Andenine
What makes Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine and Andeine the same
The Phosphate and the sugar
What types of bonds hold the DNA model together
Weak hydrogen bonds to the pairs an Strong covalent bonds bond to the Sugar and Phosphate
How can you tell DNA is Anti-parallel
You can tell when the strands go in opposite directions
Can you determine the direction of each side
Whatever side your sugar is on that’s your 5 prime side
What patterns show up in DNA
G and T are on opposite sides and A and C are upside down
What is different between RNA and DNA
RNA is a single strand while DNA is a double strand
Purpose of DNA
It holds our genetic material and it is the blue print for proteins
What direction does DNA Polymarse only travel in
Going 3 prime to 5 prime to build a 5 prime to 3 prime strand
What are the fragments called on two lagging strands
Okazaki Fragments
What is the result of DNA replication
Two identical DNA molecules are formed
Why is DNA replication nesscary
Replicationg so that cells can have the same DNA from the cell its coming from
Why is DNA Replication said to be semi-conservative
It is semi-conservative because one of the strand of DNA is conserved while the other is newly produced
What would the chromosomes to the right look like after DNA Replication
A sister Chromtaid
DNA Replication process
The Enzyme Helicase unzips the DNA into two strands
DNA Polymarse helps find complementary bases and bind according to base-pairing rules
Two identical DNA molecules are formed each with and “old” strand a new strand
What is Central Dogma
The Flow of genetic info DNA goes to transcription to RNA translation to protein
mRNA
Copies instructions in DNA and carries these to the ribosome in the cytoplasm
tRNA
binds and carries specific amino Acids to the ribosome
rRNA
along with proteins it makes up ribosomes
In what process is mRNA synthesized
Transcription
What is a codon?
A set of three nucleotides which form a code for amino acids
What is the purpose for anti-codon
To base pair with the codon to bring the correct Amino acids that are being drooped off
What is a polypeptide a sequence of?
Chains of amino acids and its boned by peptide bonds
What two things does tRNA transfers or carry to the ribosome
Amino acids and anti-codons
