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Pharm Drug Table > Drug Table - Reproduction > Flashcards

Drug Table - Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q 
Class for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol
A

Estradiol esters

steroidal

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2
Q

Class for:
Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A

Alkyl estrogen

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3
Q 
Mechanism for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A

Absorbed through skin, mucus membranes,
GI Tract; body-wide distribution via sexhormone
binding globulin

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4
Q 
Therapeutics for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A

Contraception, primary hypogonadism,

postmenopausal hormone therapy

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5
Q 
Imp side effects for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A

Weight gain, HTN; less commonly,
may cause breast cancer, DVT,
cervical and endometrial cancer

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6
Q 
Other side effects for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A

Nausea, breast tension/pain,

vaginal bleeding, headache

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7
Q 
Misc for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A 
Strongly contraindicated in breast or
endometrial cancers, endometriosis,
undiagnosed vaginal bleeds;
relatively contradinicated in
pregnancy, thromboembolic disease,
HTN, hepatic disease, family history
of breast or uterine cancer
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8
Q

Diethylstilbestrol class

A

Non-steroidal

synthetic estrogen

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9
Q

Diethylstilbestrol Imp side effect

A

Increased risk of clear cell

adenocarcinoma of vagina & cervix

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10
Q

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) class

A

Non-steroidal antiestrogen;
selective
estrogen receptor
modifier

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11
Q

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) mechanism

A

Blocks estrogen from binding ER and

causing growth in ER(+) breast cancer

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12
Q

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) therapeutics

A

ER(+) breast cancer

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13
Q

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) imp side effects

A 
Pro-estrogenic effect on uterine
epithelium (increase risk of
endometrial cancer); partial
estrogen agonist in bone and
endometrium
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14
Q

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) misc

A

Anti-estrogenic effect on mammary
epithelium; must be used in very
high doses

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15
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) class

A

Non-steroidal antiestrogen

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16
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) mechanism

A

Blocks estrogen binding to hypothalamic
receptors (no estradiol negative feedback
on gonadotropins) –> increased secretion
of gonadotropins & LH –> ovulation

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17
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) therapeutics

A

Stimulate ovulation in patients who

want to get pregnant

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18
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) imp side effects

A

Hot flashes, multiple pregnancy

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19
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) other side effects

A

Stomach pain, headache, upset

stomach, vomit

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20
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) misc

A

Cis-isomer (zuclomiphene) is a weak
estrogen agonist; trans-isomer
(enclomiphene) is a potent estrogen
antagonist

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21
Q

Class
Micronized progesterone
Transvaginal progesterone

A

Natural

progesterone

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22
Q

Therapeutics for
Micronized progesterone
Transvaginal progesterone

A

Contraception, hormone replacement

therapy

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23
Q

Imp side effects for
Micronized progesterone
Transvaginal progesterone

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A

Fatigue, drowsiness

24
Q

Misc for
Micronized progesterone
Transvaginal progesterone

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A 
Contraindicated in thromboembolic
disorders or patients with such a
history, liver disease (metabolised in
the liver), undiagnosed vaginal
bleeding, pregnancy (atrophy of
endometrium leading to birth
defects)
25
``` Class for: Medroxyprogesterone Norethindrone Norgestrel Megestrol ```
Synthetic | progesterone
26
``` Therapeutics for: Medroxyprogesterone Norethindrone Norgestrel Megestrol ```
Contraception, hormone replacement | therapy
27
``` Imp side effects for: Medroxyprogesterone Norethindrone Norgestrel Megestrol ```
Edema, abdominal bloating; less commonly: strong androgenic effects (hirsutism, acne)
28
``` Other side effects for: Medroxyprogesterone Norethindrone Norgestrel Megestrol ```
Anxiety, irritability, depression, muscular pain; increased risk of thrombus and PE
29
``` Misc for: Medroxyprogesterone Norethindrone Norgestrel Megestrol ```
``` Contraindicated in thromboembolic disorders or patients with such a history, liver disease (metabolised in the liver), undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, pregnancy (atrophy of endometrium leading to birth defects) ```
30
Class for: Monophasic Ortho-Novum Biphasic Ortho-Novum Triphasic Ortho-Novum
Combination pill
31
Mechanism for: Monophasic Ortho-Novum Biphasic Ortho-Novum Triphasic Ortho-Novum
Constant level of estrogen suppresses FSH, LH surge; progesterone suppresses LH surge, thickens cervical mucus, leads to endometrial atrophy
32
Therapeutics for: Monophasic Ortho-Novum Biphasic Ortho-Novum Triphasic Ortho-Novum
Contraception
33
Imp side effects for: Monophasic Ortho-Novum Biphasic Ortho-Novum Triphasic Ortho-Novum
As with synthetic estrogen and | progesterones
34
Monophasic Ortho-Novum Misc
Consistent dose of estrogen and | progestin (only take 21 days)
35
Biphasic Ortho-Novum Misc
Fixed estrogen, progestin increased | for days 11-21
36
Triphasic Ortho-Novum Misc
Fixed or variable estrogen, while progestin increases in 3 phases (1-7, 8-14, 15-21)
37
Mini-pill class
Progestin only
38
Mini-pill mechanism
As progestin
39
Mini-pill Therapeutics
``` Less effective than combination pill for contraception; use when patient has estrogen contraindication; good in lactating women (estrogen reduces milk production) ```
40
Mini-pill imp side effect
``` More likely to produce irregular menstrual cycle (estrogen required to provide stability to endometrium) ```
41
Mini-pill other side effect
Suppresses endometrial cancer
42
Levonorgestrel (Plan B) class
Synthetic | progestogen
43
Levonorgestrel (Plan B) Mechanism
Not known
44
Levonorgestrel (Plan B) Therapeutics
Prevent implantation
45
Levonorgestrel (Plan B) Imp side effect
Likely the same as combination | oral contraceptives
46
Levonorgestrel (Plan B) misc
Must be taken within 72 hours of | coitus
47
Mifepristone (RU-486, Korlym) class
Anti-progestin; glucocorticoid receptor antagonist
48
Mifepristone (RU-486, Korlym) Mechanism
Competitively binds to progesterone receptor (leading to detachment of fetus); glucocorticoid recepter antagonist
49
Mifepristone (RU-486, Korlym) Therapeutics
Abortion; Cushing's Syndrome
50
Mifepristone (RU-486, Korlym) Misc
``` Must take early in pregnancy (by day 49); oral administration; must be given by doctor in medical facility prepared for surgery if abortion incomplete ```
51
Class for: Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) Vardenafil HCl (Levitra) Tadalafil (Cialis)
PDE5 inhibitor
52
``` Mechanism for: Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) Vardenafil HCl (Levitra) Tadalafil (Cialis) ```
Bind catalytic site of PDE5; inhibits PDE5 breakdown of cGMP --> decreased Ca --> smooth muscle relaxation --> erection
53
Therapeutics for: Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) Vardenafil HCl (Levitra) Tadalafil (Cialis)
Erectile dysfunction; does not trigger an automatic erection, but improves response to sexual stimulation
54
Imp side effects for: Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) Vardenafil HCl (Levitra) Tadalafil (Cialis)
Headache, dizziness, change in | vision (NAION)
55
Other side effects for: Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) Vardenafil HCl (Levitra) Tadalafil (Cialis)
Flushing, upset stomach, stuffy | or runny nose, UTI, diarrhea
56
``` Misc for: Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) Vardenafil HCl (Levitra) ```
``` Oral (once/day max); half-life of 4 hours, peak plasma concentration in 1-2 hours; contraindicated if on nitrates or α-blockers (unsafe drop in BP) ```
57
Misc for: | Tadalafil (Cialis)
``` Oral (once/day max); half-life of 17.5 hours, peak plasma concentration in 1-2 hours; contraindicate if on nitrates or α-blockers (unsafe drop in BP) ```

Pharm Drug Table (11 decks)

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