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PRAXIS > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

1
Q

2 parts of auditory system

A

CENTRAL AUDITORY NERVOUS SYSTEM; PERIPHERAL AUDITORY NERVOUS SYSTEM

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2
Q

From Cochlear nucleus to primary auditory cortex

A

Central ANS

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3
Q

CN VIII

A

Auditory Nerve

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4
Q

Auditory nerve is a ____ process

A

neural

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5
Q

auditory nerve function

A

Transmits auditory and vestibular info from ear to brain

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6
Q

collection of auditory nerve fibers

A

Spiral ganglion

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7
Q

Peripheral ANS consists of

A

outer, middle, inner ear

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8
Q

Outer ear is a _____ process

A

acoustic

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9
Q

pinna function

A

sound localization

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10
Q

External auditory meatus function

A

sound amplifier

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11
Q

outer ear terminates at

A

tympanic membrane

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12
Q

Cerumen function

A

traps and repels

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13
Q

Outer ear function

A

resonator and amplifier

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14
Q

Middle ear is a _____ process

A

mechanical

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15
Q

3 layers of tympanic membrane

A

epidermal, fibrous, and membranous

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16
Q

ossicular chain

A

malleus, incus, stapes

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17
Q

2 middle ear muscles

A 
Stapedius (CN VII)
Tensor tympani (CN V)
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18
Q

Opens to equalize pressure

A

Eustachian Tube

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19
Q

Middle ear function

A

conduction, protection

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20
Q

Inner ear is a ______ process

A

Hydromechanical, Chemical

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21
Q

2 subdivisions of cochlea

A

Osseous bony cochlea

Membranous cochlea

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22
Q

Inner ear function

A

converts mechanical sound waves to electrical activity and neural impulses

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23
Q

testing that measures the range and sensitivity of an individual’s hearing

A

Audiometry

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24
Q

in air conduction testing, sounds go

A

through outer and middle ear

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25
Q

presentation of pure tone testing

A

headphones, external

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26
Q

When air conduction threshold in one ear exceeds bone conduction threshold in contralateral ear by 40dB HL or more

A

Air conduction masking

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27
Q

sound through bone vibration direct to cochlea/inner ear

A

bone conduction testing

28
Q

bone conduction testing presentation

A

Bone oscillator behind ear instead of headphones

29
Q

use with Children who can’t complete a normal hearing screening and/or if hearing loss is suspected in the brain/brain pathway

A

Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR)

30
Q

Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) presentation

A

Electrodes: placed on head, record brain activity in response to sounds

31
Q

Intensity at which signal is barely detectible 50% of the time

A

threshold

32
Q

used to determine hair cell function

A

Otoacoustic emissions

33
Q

OAEs presentation

A

Earphone/probe inserted into ear (that makes sounds); OAEs record the response to that sound by vibration

34
Q

Dip in audiogram at 2,000 Hz due to stapes fixation

A

Carhart’s notch

35
Q

Average of 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz thresholds

A

Pure tone average

36
Q

If sharply sloping loss, use ____ (average of 2 best thresholds at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz)

A

fletcher average

37
Q

identifies the site of damage of the auditory system

A

Type

38
Q

3 types of HL

A

conductive, SNL, mixed

39
Q

outer and middle ear damage makes what loss

A

conductive

40
Q

conductive HL if air bone gap greater than

A

10 dB

41
Q

conductive HL if bone threshold

A

WNL

42
Q

inner ear and/or CN VIII makes what loss

A

SNL

43
Q

When Air + bone thresholds are equal, what type

A

SNL

44
Q

refers to the severity of the hearing loss

A

degree of HL

45
Q

the extent and pattern of loss across frequencies

A

Configuration

46
Q

AC thresholds within 20 dB of each other

A

Flat

47
Q

AC thresholds for low frequencies at least 20 dB poorer than for high frequencies

A

Rising

48
Q

AC thresholds for high frequencies at least 20 dB poorer than for low frequencies

A

Sloping

49
Q

HL only found in the low frequencies

A

Low frequency

50
Q

HL only found in the high frequencies

A

High frequency

51
Q

High frequency thresholds worsen by at least 20 dB per octave

A

Precipitous

52
Q

measurement of the eardrum immittance as a function of air pressure in the ear canal

A

Tympanometry

53
Q

Tympanometry procedure

A

A soft rubber tip (probe) is inserted into the ear canal, changing the pressure in the ear canal

54
Q

The admittance of the middle ear system (mobility); height of peak;

A

Static admittance

55
Q

The point at which air pressure is equal on either side of tympanic membrane

A

Tympanic peak pressure

56
Q

Describes the steepness and shape of the slope of the tympanogram, near the peak

A

Tympanic width

57
Q

Estimates the volume of the air medial to the probe

A

Canal volume

58
Q

normal tympanogram

A

Type A

59
Q

Shallow compliance tymp

A

Type As

60
Q

Type As tymp indicates:

A

Middle ear fluid, otosclerosis

61
Q

Deep compliance tymp

A

Type Ad

62
Q

Type Ad tymp indicates

A

Ossicular disarticulation;

TM scaring

63
Q

Flat tymp

A

Type B

64
Q

Type B tymp indicates

A

Middle ear effusion;
Perforated TM;
Cerumen occlusion

65
Q

negative pressure tymp

A

Type C

66
Q

Type C tymp indicates

A

Negative pressure TM or middle ear;

Eustachian tube dysfunction

PRAXIS (10 decks)

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