Ear Disease

Question 1

What would you see in the ear of someone with acute otitis media?

Answer 1

Bulging red ear drum, light reflection shifted or several appear.
Unable to see the handle of the maleus

Question 2

How long does someone have to have otitis media for it to become chronic?

Answer 2

Over 3 months

Question 3

What is Otitis media with effusion also known as?

Answer 3

Glue ear

Question 4

Who is most commonly affected by glue ear?

Answer 4

Young children

Question 5

In children what is glue ear commonly associated with?

Answer 5

Eustachian tube dysfunction

Question 6

What is the most common presenting complaint of someone with glue ear?

Answer 6

Hearing loss

Delayed speech development

Question 7

What are some risk factors for developing glue ear?

Answer 7

M>F
Day care
Older siblings
Smoking in the household
Recurrent URTI

Question 8

What would you see in the ear of a child with OME (glue ear)?

Answer 8

TM retraction
Multiple light reflections
Grey fluid behind the tympanic membrane

Question 9

What kind of hearing loss is present in someone with OME?

Answer 9

Conductive

Question 10

What is the treatment for someone with OME?

Answer 10

Valsalva manouvre to open the eustachian tube.

Question 11

If a child has been referred with OME what is the treatment plan?

Answer 11

Grommets - drain the fluid and ensure pressure balance is equal.
Hearing aid - to make up for transient hearing loss.

Question 12

If a child is referenda for a second time with OME and over 3 years old what is the treatment plan?

Answer 12

Grommets, Hearing Aid, Adenoid removal

Question 13

If a child over 3 is referred with OME and other Nasal issues what is the treatment plan?

Answer 13

Adenoids are removed

Grommet

Question 14

What are the main causes of peroration of the tympanic membrane?

Answer 14

Acute otitis media

Trauma - foreign object or barotrauma

Question 15

What is the treatment for a perforate ear drum?

Answer 15

Keep dry and let it heal spontaneously

Question 16

For a cholesteatoma to be diagnosed what must be present within the ear?

Answer 16

Presence of keratin

Question 17

What is the treatment for cholesteatoma?

Answer 17

Surgical excision and reconstruction

Question 18

What is the main risk associated with a cholesteatoma?

Answer 18

Osteitis leading to formation of abscesses within the bone or even the brain.

Question 19

What is usually seen in the ear of someone with cholesteatoma?

Answer 19

Retraction of the tympanic membrane
Collection of dead skin cells
Destruction of malleus incus stapes

Question 20

What is the disease progression in someone with otosclerosis?

Answer 20

Gradual onset conductive hearing loss with acceleration during pregnancy.

Question 21

What happens in Otosclerosis?

Answer 21

Fixation of the Stapes footplate.

Question 22

What is the treatment for Otosclerosis?

Answer 22

Surgery - Stapedectomy

Question 23

What is Presbycusis?

Answer 23

Natural age related hearing loss

Question 24

What is the disease profile of someone with Presbycusis?

Answer 24

His frequency hearing loss, with a highly variable onset.

Question 25

What classic sign indicates noice induced hearing loss?

Answer 25

Dip at 4khz

Question 26

List drugs which can induce hearing loss?

Answer 26

Gentamicin Chemotherapy- Cisplatin Pt based Aspirin NSAIDS

Question 27

In a vestibular schwannoma what is the classic presenting complaint?

Answer 27

Hearing loss Tinnitus Loss of balanc

Question 28

How is a vestibular schwannoma diagnosed?

Answer 28

MRI

Question 29

What kind of hearing loss is associated with Menieres disease?

Answer 29

Low frequency hearing

Question 30

Brusing over the mastoid process is likely to indicate what?

Answer 30

Temporal bone fracture as a result of trauma

Question 31

Why would trauma to the temporal bone carry a risk of causing hearing loss?

Answer 31

It could destroy the internal auditory meatus