Early Humans Flashcards
(Origins and Migration)
What is another word for Homo sapiens?
When did Homo sapiens appear?
Origin site of Homo sapiens?
When does farming develop?
The era of human history before agriculture? %
Homo sapiens learned to live where and why?
What do the Homo sapiens use to cross waters?
When the Homo sapiens departed did they cross waters and if they did, did they use transportation?
Wise human
200,000 BP
Eastern Africa
10,000 BP
95%
Learned to live in area’s not occupied - deserts and forests
70,000 BP, moved to Asia and Europe
May of used rafts or canoes to cross waters
(The Environmental Impact of Humans)
When did Homo sapiens cross the Bering Strait?
Where did Homo sapiens hunt some animals to extinctions?
Are their other possibilities of these animal extinctions and how?
How did the Humans attract big game?
Some scholars believe in less sophisticated hominins, like Neanderthals may have been _________ ___ ______ ___________ Homo sapiens
When could humans be found on all major land masses?
What is the population world-wide compared to 10,000 BP?
Around 15,000BP
Humans likely hunted some animals to extinction in Australia, Siberia, and The Americans
Climate change, a catastrophic event, or disease
Learned to use fire to manage the landscape and attract big game
Eliminated by more intelligent Homo sapiens
10,000 BP
1/1000
What structures did Humans make?
Why did humans migrate?
Made sophisticated shelters
To find food around 10,000 BP
(Early art)
When did Humans make art and what did they make?
Many scholars think art came along with language.
What did the artist use to paint?
Musical instruments where made as early as _________ BP.
100,000 - 50,000 BP, made cave paintings, carved figures, and jewelry found in Africa
Pigments from plants and minerals, and bones/ shell to create art
37,000 BP early versions of the flute
(Paleolithic Society)
Lower Paleolithic - ________________________
Middle Paleolithic - _______________________
Upper Paleolithic - _______________________
How many people lived in a group and why?
What roles did Men and Woman do?
Which role was more important gathering food or hunting?
(2.6 mya - 100,000 ya) - Rise of genus Homo
(300,000 - 30,000 ya) Neanderthals, Homo sapiens - earliest evidence of burial practices, art, undisputed evidence of food cooking, migration beyond Africa
( 50,000 ya - 10,000 ya) Homo sapiens - abundant artwork, fully developed language
People lived in groups of 20-50 individuals - enhanced the safety of the group and made finding adequate food easier
Men hunted (hunting improved as tools improved) and women gathered and cared for young
Gathering provided the majority of the foodstuffs Groups were NOMADIC - they travelled to follow their food supplies
(Tools and info. about other groups interaction)
How were tools made?
Where their leaders in a group?
Did they believe in a spiritual world and if they did they have priest or people to communicate with spiritual world?
How did groups interact and diseases spread quickly or kill the groups?
How much of the day would people gather their food?
Tools were made of stone, by knapping. Bone, woooden tools also used. Fire skill was general. Spoken language is common, but no written languages.
Had no established government or political organization - leaders arose as needed, for specific purpose - Examples: skilled hunter may have led group
May have used magic as a way to coax more from nature. Little difference between natural world and supernatural world . Shamans existed to communicate with spiritual world , but no
organized class of priests
Group dynamic was based on cooperation. Some fighting between groups but little organized or sustained warfare
Spent only a a quarter of each day in food-gathering activities. Had plenty of free time and leisure.
Abstract art :
Art that does not depict a clear object.
South Africa :
Where humans originated.
Cro-Magnon
A culture, the first culture - learned behavior (45,000 ya)
Dogs domestication
Dogs went to food were the humans were and domesticated
themselves
Rope
Rope very useful, because stronger
Jericho
Oldest settlement still used
Quaternary Extinctions
Megafauna extinction
