early revolution (PRE WAR) Flashcards
(24 cards)
estates general?
4th May 1789- 3rd estate refused too veryify credentials separately, and demanded voting per head.
National Assembly?
17 June, 3rd estate voted to call themselves the national assembly, 19 June joined by clergy (1st estate).
The tennis court oath?
June 20th 1789, found room locked for renovation, went to tennis court and swore to never disband until France had a new constitution
aftermath of TCO?
Louis accepted land tax 23rd June, refused to accept social changes
-26 June, 4880 extra troops brought to Paris,
-27 June recognised national assembly and voting per head
-4 July, 30000 troops in the capital.
-11 July Necker dismissed
storming of Bastille?
14 July, crown of 8000 descended on les invalids, found 32000 muskets/ weapons
required gunpowder which was stored at Bastille- Camille desmoulins call “aux arms”
The security determined not to negotiate, de launey captured and decapatated, 70 killed.
aftermath of Bastille?
King persuaded to go to Paris, appeared wearing revolutionary cockade announced necker return and accepted national assembly/guard and Paris commune.
In countryside: great fear, rumours spread that crops and livestock would be destroyed.
response to great fear?
4 august, national assembly abolished feudal rights and a series of other decrees: +all pay same tax on everything
+all eligible for all positions.
Declaration of rights of man and citizen: 26 august, summarised rev ideals.
October days?
Louis remained uncooperative, r refused to accept declaration and refused suspensory veto.
5 October- 6000-7000 people (women majority) marched to versailles, forced Louis to accept declaration.
6- Louis escorted to the Tuileries.
the civil constitution of the clergy?
oath?
impact?
12 July 1790, church lands nationalised to pay for rev government, administration re structured, 83 bishoprics from 135, clergymen payed state officials, bishops and priests elected.
Oath to the civil constitution: Nov 1790, out of 160 bishops, only 5 swore, and 55% of clergy. rest to loose offices
Pope released charitas- suspended all who took oath.
=helped destroy national unity.
kings power?
given suspensory veto of 4 years, new title of king of the French, private income of 25 million (-20 million)
elections?
every 2 years, voted by active citizens (males 25+ lived in same place, taxes of 3 days labour)
administration?
83 departments created, divided into districts and communes. each d had elected council of 36, directorate of 8 for admin
=emphasis of decentralisation
judicial reforms?
emphasis that everyone should have access to justice, everyone to see a judge within 24 hours, each department capital had courts, big court called tribunal de cassation. guillotine only acceptable death sentence, sentences fair…
fiscal policies?
assignats- could loan money to government, in return for church land.
maintained gabelle to 1790, tobacco to 1791
patriotic income of 25% over 2 years for exceeding 400 litres a year.
economic restructuring programme 1791- based on land/poll/property tax, fairer for everyone.
economic policies?
internal tariffs disappeared, freedom from resrtrcibe controls. bourgeoisie boosted trade
political clubs?
+‘Salon Francais’ noble faction, support of monarchy
+societe de 89 founded by sieyes and supported const monarch, high price
+Jacobin club 152 across France, originally for higher but in 91 fees lowered and more radical view
+The cordeliers minimal fee, open to women and passive citizens, radical democrats and republican views.
political journalists?
Camille desmoulins- low cost/ attacked monarchy
Jean Paul Marat- l ami du people, influential amongst working class
Hebert- coarse publication, course publication and for workers.
flight to varenne?
20/21 June, as a result kings powers suspended 16 July.
champs de mars?
17 July, cordeliers club organised signing of a petition calling for a republic, around 6000 people.
after stones thrown at nation guard, led to massacre of approx 50 people.
declaration of pilnitz?
royal authority would be restored in France by the Austrian and Prussian emperors.
declaration of war?
20 April 1792, france declares war on Austria.
army divided?
-Blues: volunteer, mainly national guard
-Whites, from old army, could not be trusted.
Louis 3 vetos
-27 may: deportation of refactory priests
-29 may: disbanding of the kings guard (1800)
-8 June, feeder camp of 20000
Louis vetoed al 3 and dismissed ministry on 13 June. 1792.
build up to September massacres?
30 august- Danton arranged for house searches for weapons
2 September- organised levee, forcing conscription on pain of death
