Earthquakes And Volcanoes Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is an earthquake?
An earthquake is a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust, causing shaking and vibrations.
What is the epicenter?
The epicenter is the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus (or hypocenter) of an earthquake.
What is a seismograph?
A seismograph is an instrument that records and measures an earthquake.
What is the Richter scale?
Method to allocate a magnitude number to qualify the energy released by an earthquake
What are seismic waves?
A wave of energy generated by an Earthquake
What is earthquake magnitude?
Earthquake magnitude is a measure of the size of an earthquake, often measured on the Richter scale.
What is earthquake intensity?
Earthquake intensity is a measure of the effects of an earthquake on the Earth’s surface, often measured on the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale.
Focus
Exact point beneath the Earths surface where the plates shift
What causes Earthqueakes
Divergent plate boundaries
Wavefronts
Seismic waves releasing energy through the crust
Seismogram
Is the graph output of a seismogram
What are the impacts of earthquakes on people
●Injuries and death of people and animals
●Destruction of infrastructure
●Transport and communication disrupted
●Contaminated water cause health issues
●Burst water pipes reduce availability of fresh water
What is the impact of earthquake on environment
Disruption of habitat
Destruction of vegetation
Landslides
What is the impact of earthquake on economic
Business destroyed
Reduced employment
Expenses to rebuild damage infrastructure
How is tsunami made
A large wave produced by an Earthquake under the ocean
What is the impact of tsunami on people
Results in flooding
Injuries to people
Destroys infrastructure
Contaminates food and water
Water born diseases
What is the impact of tsunami on environment
Pollute wetlands,coastal areas,agricultural fields and forests
Deposition of sediments lead to changes in habitats and species
What strategies can be implemented to reduce the impact of Earthquake and Tsunami
●Develop early warning system
●upgrade infrastructure
●improved communication systems must be in place
●Rescue teams
What is a volcano?
A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust through which molten rock, gases, and ash can escape.
What is magma?
Magma is molten rock located beneath the Earth’s surface.
What is lava?
Lava is magma that has reached the Earth’s surface.
Name the three main types of volcanoes.
Shield volcano, composite (strato) volcano, and cinder cone volcano.
What is a shield volcano?
A wide, gently sloping volcano formed by low-viscosity lava that spreads easily.
What is a composite volcano?
A tall, steep-sided volcano formed by alternating layers of lava and ash.
