Earths History Flashcards

1
Q

how old is the earth

A

4.6 billion years old

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2
Q

what happened 3.9 billion years ago

A

the earth cooled and water condenses and fills oceans

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3
Q

when was the precambrian era

A

4.6BYA - 544 MYA

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4
Q

how many years ago do eukaryotic organisms appear

A

1.8 BYA

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5
Q

when was the Paleozoic era

A

544 MYA - 245 MYA

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6
Q

what happend during the first half of the paleozoic era

A

animals with backbones appear in the ocean and seeded plants appear on land

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7
Q

what happened in the middle of the paleozoic

A

4 legged amphibians are on land

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8
Q

what happened at the end of the paleozoic

A

reptiles begin to flourish on land

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9
Q

when was the mesozoic era

A

245 MYA - 66 MYA

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10
Q

what was the mesozoic famous for

A

dinosaurs and appearance of small mammals

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11
Q

which era had the theorized meteorite that killed the dinosaurs

A

mesozoic era

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12
Q

when was the cenozoic era

A

modern era

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13
Q

when did the first primates appear

A

30 MYA during the tertiary period

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14
Q

when did modern humans begin to appear

A

200,000 YA during the quaternary period

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15
Q

what are fossils

A

any trace or remainds of an organisms that has been preserved by natural processes

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16
Q

what are fossils used to determine

A

geography, environment, animals, plants, and behavior

17
Q

where are fossils found

A

sedimentary rock

18
Q

what is a trace fossil

A

marking left by an animal like a footprint

19
Q

what is a cast fossil

A

fossil in which mineral fill a space left by a decayed organism

20
Q

what is an imprint fossil

A

when a thin object falls into sediment and leaves mark when rock hardens

21
Q

what is a petrified fossil

A

when minerals penetrate and replace hard parts of an organism

22
Q

what are mold fossils

A

when organisms is buried in sediment and decays leaving an empty space

23
Q

what is an amber or ice fossil

A

when the entire organisms is trapped in tree sap or ice

24
Q

which layers are the oldest

A

the bottom layrs

25
Q

fossil dating can determine _______ of appearance and extinction

A

order

26
Q

what does radiometric fossil dating use

A

radioactive isotopes to date fossils

27
Q

how is appropriate age determined

A

by comparing the isotope to th eelement it decays into

28
Q

what is teh halflife of K-40

A

13 billion years

29
Q

what is the halflife of carbon 14

A

5730 years