Eating disorders Flashcards
(42 cards)
anorexia nervosa characteristics
- goal = be thin, so refuse to maintain 85% of normal body weight
- intense fears of becoming overweight
- distorted view of body shape + weight
- preoccupied with food
- amenorrhea
what is amenorrhea
missing 3 consecutive menstrual periods due to not eating enough
2 main types of anorexia nervosa
- restrictive
- binge eating/purging types
restrictive (anorexia nervosa) type characteristics
- decrease intake of bad foods 1st, then nearly all types
- control food intake
binge-eating/purging types behavior (anorexia nervosa)
- compensatory behaviors
- MAY binge
- control + impulsive issues
what is the prevalence of anorexia?
- 0.3 to 1 % of Canadians will develop disorder in lifetime
- 90-95% cases = W
- peak age of onset is around the ages of 14-18 yrs old
what is the Minnesota starvation study?
- Keys, 1940
- 36 young male volunteers
- control period of 12 weeks , then a calorie restriction for 12 weeks
what were the results/findings of the Minnesota Starvation Study?
they developed similar behavior to those with anorexia nervosa:
- preoccupied with food
- urges to overeat
- mood symptoms
- distorted self-image
what are medical problems associated with anorexia nervosa?
- amenorrhea
- low body temp and blood pressure
- extreme weight loss
- lanugo (fine, downy hair)
- electrolyte + metabolic imbalance
- body swelling
etc…
what is the vicious cycle of anorexia (6)
- starvation
- preoccupation with food
- increased anxiety + depression
- medical problems
- feelings of fear + loss of control
- harder attempts at thinness
(the cycle repeats)
anorexia meaning
without desire for food
binge meaning
bouts of uncontrolled overeating during a limited period of time
compensatory behaviors
vomiting, fasting, laxatives, excessive exercise
prevalence of bulimia
- 1 to 3 % of Canadian women
- 90-95 % of cases are women
- peak age = 15 to 21 yrs old
characteristics of bulimia
- often maintain a normal weight
- binging= 10x per week
what are binges preceded by
feelings of tension/powerlessness
what are binges followed by
- extreme self-blame
- guilt + depression
- fears of gaining weight + being discovered
bulimia nervosa medical problems (6)
- no period
- decay of tooth enamel
- cavities
- abdominal pain
- stress on internal organs
- dependence on laxatives
causes of E.D.’s > psychodynamic
- relationship between mother + child = disturbed > ego deficiencies
- child becomes unaware of own needs
causes of ED > cognitive
- maladaptive attitudes about self/body images
- black/white thinking patterns
causes of ED > behavioral
- rewarded by losing weight
- relieves anxiety
biological factors of ED
- genetic predisposition
> relatives: 6x more likely to develop ED
anorexia: (IT = 70%) + (FT= 20%)
bulimia: ( IT = 23%) + ( FT = 9%)
biological factors of ED (pt2)
Role of serotonin
serotonin: regulates mood + appetite
- lower levels of serotonin > ppl w/ anorexia
(recover > increase serotonin)
- lower levels > binges
(recover > decrease serotonin)
- antidepressants, which increase serotonin help
- hypothalamus dysfunction
causes of ED > societal pressures
- standards of F attractiveness
- socially-accepted prejudice against being overweight
