Substance Use and Impulse Control Flashcards
(43 cards)
alcohol withdrawal delirium
someone experiencing scary hallucinations and body tremors when they withdraw from alcohol
These drugs influence perception, distorting feelings, sights, sounds, and smells
hallucinogens
Greater and greater amounts of a substance are required to achieve the same effect.
tolerance
These substances affect behavior, cognition, and mood. Many accepted, commonly used substances are in this category
psychoactive
An unpleasant physical response occurs when a dependent user stops taking a substance.
withdrawal
Substances that include alcohol, reduce arousal, and cause relaxation
depressants
What are maladaptive behaviors and reactions that occur after repeated use of substances
- physical dependence
- tolerance
- withdrawal reactions
Substance abuse disorder
pattern of maladaptive behaviors and reactions from repeated use of substances
what where the results of the CADS (Canadian Alcohol Disorder Survey) for alcohol
- youth aged 20-24 = most likely to use excessively
- more likely to report harm due to use
- 21% experience 1 alcohol-related harm
- no difference between men and women
what where the results of the CADS (Canadian Alcohol Disorder Survey) for cannabis
- use increased from 15% (2017) to 21% (2019)
- M (23%) more likely to use than W (19%)
what are depressants
slows activity in CNS which aims to reduce physiological arousal and help us relax (includes alcohol + sedative, hypnotic, and anxiolytic drugs
effects of alcohol on the brain
- increases GABA (inhibitory), which increases dopamine + endorphins levels
- Women are affected the most
what are stimulants and what do they do
- increases activity in CNS > high blood pressure + heart rate
- caffeine, nicotine, cocaine
possible negative effects of depressants
- societal, physical health costs (ex: suicides, assaults, accidents)
- Korsakoff’s and FAS
- DEATH
what is Korsakoff’s
neurological memory disorder cause by misuse of alcohol
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
result of drinking alcohol during pregnancy, which causes child to have physical deformities + intellectual deficiencies
effects of cocaine on the brain
increases dopamine activity (sense of ‘a rush’)
possible negative effects of stimulants
- mania, paranoia, psychosis, post cocaine depression
- DEATH
what are hallucinogens and what do they do
- LSD ,ecstasy, cannabis
- hallucinations, sensory changes
effects of cannabis on the brain
- altered perception of the world
- mood swings
- heightened sensory experience
- memory, concentration, motivation impairment
possible negative effects of hallucinogens
- anxiety, suspicion, accidents, memory problems
- PSYCHOSIS
what causes substance abuse disorder according to the sociocultural view?
- stressful socio-economic conditions (poverty affect)
- development in families / environment where substance use = valued/accepted (differences in culture)
what causes substance abuse disorder according to the cognitive-behavioral view?
- Operant conditioning: drugs decrease tension > rewarding
- expectancy, self-medicating
- classical conditioning (CS present during drug taking comes to produce craving
what causes substance abuse disorder according to the psychodynamic view?
- lack of parental nurturing
- “addictive personality”
- Id too powerful
- self-medicating (ex: numbing emotional symptoms with alcohol)
