Abiotic
Non-living components of an ecosystem are called abiotic
Examples: water, rocks, soil, air
Biotic
Living components of an ecosystem are called biotic
Examples: birds fish plants bugs humans
Biological organization
Individual: one animal
Population: more then one animal
Community: all the animals in one area
Ecosystem:
a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Biome: a large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat, e.g., forest or tundra.
Biosphere: the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth (or analogous parts of other planets) occupied by living organisms.
Biosphere
Atmosphere: the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet
Hydrosphere: all the waters on the earth’s surface, such as lakes and seas, and sometimes including water over the earth’s surface, such as clouds.
Lithosphere: the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
Ecological succession
- primary
- secondary
Is a natural process whereby species are replaced by other species in predictable pattern
Sustainability
Sustainable development is a way to make decisions that balance the needs of today without sacrificing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Importance of plants in an ecosystem
almost all forms of life depend on green plants for their survival
Plants resupply the environment with o2
Photosynthesis
H2O co2 and light nrg are transformed in to sugar and o2
Need chlorophyll
Cellular respiration
Sugar and o2 transform in to co2 h2o and nrg
Pyramid of numbers
A pyramid of numbers includes the same organisms as you see in a food chain, but the size of each level represents the number of organisms involved at this level
Food chain
A food chain is a model, which shows how nrg stored in food passes from organism to organism
Food webs
A food web is a network of inter-connected food chains.
Niches
A job organism in a ecosystem
Difference between a niches and a habitat
A niche is the job
A habitat is the home
Types of consumers
- Bee
- Baer
- Deer
- Moose
- Wolf
Prodouser
Organism that produce food for themselves and others, using the sun eng and nutrients in the soil and air. At the beginning of every food chain, there must be a producer.
Consumer
Organism that consume, or eat the food made by the producers.
Herbivore
Plant-eating animals
Carnivore
Meat-eaters
Omnivore
Meat and plant-eaters
Predator
Animals they kill and eat other animals called pray
Scavenger
An organism that eat dead or decaying plant or animal matter
Decomposers
They break down dead or waste material. Decomposers do not actually eat material
Weather
Local conditions that change from day to day, and even from hour to hour
