effects of smoking on respiratory system

Question 1

nicotine in cigarettes

Answer 1

makes cigarettes highly addictive
causes constrictions of blood vessels
reduces air flow in and out of lungs
paralyses cilia lining trachea
raises blood pressure
increases heart rate
increases risk of osteoporosis

Question 2

tar in cigarettes

Answer 2

sticks to cells in lungs
carcinogen
damages lung tissue
damages alveoli
cause bronchitis – inflammation of the lining of air passages)
causes smokers cough

Question 3

carbon monoxide in cigarettes

Answer 3

binds irreversibly with haemoglobin binds more readily than oxygen
reduces smokers ability to do strenuous exercise
in pregnant women reduces amount of oxygen reaching to foetus resulting in lower birth weight and increased risk of various health problems during and after birth