respiration Flashcards
(14 cards)
define respiration
chemical process by which energy in food is made available to cells
this food is usually the sugar glucose
define aerobic respiration
when oxygen is used to completely breakdown glucose
chemical eqn
what is the chemical equation is for aerobic respiration
C6H1206 + 6O2 – 6CO2 + 6H20 + 38ATP
where does aerobic respiration occur
occurs in mitochondria of cells
how much energy does aerobic respiration produce
produces a lot of energy 38 molecules of ATP for every glucose molecule oxidised (broken down by reaction with oxygen)
how is oxygen needed for this process obtained
breathing
define anaerobic respiration
type of respiration does not use oxygen to break down glucose
glucose is only partially broken down (unlike in aerobic respiration) and therefore releases less energy 2 ATP than aerobic respiration
where does anaerobic respiration take place
in muscle cells in humans
in yeast cells and in other organisms such as bacteria
what is the chemical equation in yeast
C6H12O6 – 2 CH3CH2OH + 2CO2 + 2ATP
what is the anaerobic respiration in yeast called and why
alcoholic fermentation since alcohol is formed
what is the chemical equation for respiration in muscle called
C6H12O6 – 2C3H6O3 + 2ATP
what is anaerobic respiration in muscle called and why
lactic acid fermentation since lactic acid is formed
when does lactic acid fermentation occur
if there is not enough oxygen to facilitate aerobic respiration therefore aerobic respiration occurs when the person is exercising or engaging in a level of physical activity that require more energy than can be supplied by aerobic respiration alone
when this occurs lactic acid builds up in the muscle cells and causes fatigue
what is needed to break down lactic acid in cells
oxygen
the amount of oxygen needed to remove the lactic acid build up is called oxygen debt
