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545 > elbow wrist and hand > Flashcards

elbow wrist and hand Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

differential diagnosis star points

A

visceral, osseous, muscular, articular, neuro

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2
Q

supraconylar fracture MOI

A

most common age 12 from FOOSH from height

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3
Q

olecranon fracture MOI

A

FOOSH w direct elbow trauma

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4
Q

Radial head fracture MOI

A

FOOSH

most common of elbow in athletes

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5
Q

Coronoid fracture occurs with ?

A

terrible triad

  • radial head fracture
  • elbow dislocation
  • coronoid fracture
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6
Q

Most serious elbow injury

A

posterior dislocation

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7
Q

dislocation MOI

A

sports / FOOSH

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8
Q

Radial head sublation MOI

A

common in children under 5 with sudden pull on lower arm

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9
Q

Good test to rule out a fracture?

A

Elbow extension test

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10
Q

Lateral elbow aka

A

tennis elbow

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11
Q

Does tennis elbow hurt with flexion or extension

A

ext

ext carpi radialis brevis

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12
Q

signs its lateral elbow tendinopathy

A

hurts with grip n wrist ext
ULNT (radial)
decreased cervical ROM

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13
Q

Treatment of tennis elbow

A

isometric exercise at mid range
isotonic loading
strength / end /flexibilty of forearm mm
manual therapy

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14
Q

what manual therapy would you do to tennis elbow

A

lateral glide of radial and ulna on humerus

trigger points

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15
Q

lateral ligament sprain MOI

A

elbow dislocation

varus stress

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16
Q

symptoms of lateral ligament sprain

A

pain

clicking, catching

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17
Q

Acute treatment of lateral ligament sprain

A

rest, dec swelling

AROM to surrounding joints

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18
Q

After acute stage, treatment for lateral ligament sprain

A

ROM
strengthen around the joint
proprioception

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19
Q

radial tunnel syndrome aka

A

posterior interosseous nerve entrapment

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20
Q

Who gets radial tunnel syndrome

A

those who do lots of pronation/supination

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21
Q

symptoms of radial tunnel syndrome

A

parasthesia in hand/lateral forearm
pain in forearm extensors
tender supinator
positive ULNT (radial)

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22
Q

treatment for radial tunnel syndrome

A

soft tissue techs over supinator
radial nerve glides
strength forearm mm

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23
Q

flexor / pronator tendinopathy aka

A

golfers elbow

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24
Q

golfers elbow is from wrist ext or flex

A

f

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25
medial collateral ligament MOI
Throwing | valgus
26
treatment medial collateral ligament
modify activity throwing technique soft tissue techs on medial ligament strengthen flexors and pronators
27
ulnar nerve entrapment MOI
throwing compressions recurrent subluxations
28
Froments sign
paper pull | adductor pollicis
29
wartenburg sign
hand flat, can you bring the thumb in 5th finger add
30
treatment of ulnar nerve entrapment
consider cause valgus - treat the instability adhesions - soft tissue padding the elbow
31
olecranon bursitis MOI
single trauma or repeated trauma resting elbow on hard surface (students elbow)
32
treatment olecranon bursitis
ice rest compress | anti inflams
33
posterior impingement in elbow MOI
youth athletes doing receptive hyperextension osteophyte growth
34
treatment for posterior impingement
taping manual therapy strength / flexibly
35
pronator teres syndrome
median nerve trapped in pronator terres
36
what mm get weak if pronator teres syndrome
median nerve distribution - thenar mm
37
MOI pronator teres syndrome
forceful pronation (throwing)
38
pronator teres aka
median nerve entrapment
39
treatment pronator teres syndrome
soft tissue on pronator teres median nerve mobilization
40
most common type of distal radial fracture
colles (fork looking)
41
is colles fracture anterior or posterior displacement of radial
posterior
42
how long do you cast colles fracture
6 weeks, may need to change it 2-3 weeks in as swelling goes down
43
management of distal radius fracture
AROM at surrounding joints | reduce edema
44
after cast is removed what could you do with distal radius fracture
``` edema mangement retrograde massage wrapping techniques (Cuban) compression glove active ROM ```
45
once fracture is healed what can you do
``` joint mobilization modalities for pain/circ stretching resistive exercises isokinetic at 8 weeks functional activities ```
46
complications of colles fracture
``` malunion median nerve damage complex regional pain syndrome carpal tunnel late rupture of extensor pollicis ```
47
most common carpal fracture
scaphoid fracture
48
signs its a scaphoid fractures
tender snuffbox loss of grip strength pain with wrist extension loaded direct pain at scaphoid
49
is scaphoid fracture sugerical
if its unstable or displaced yes because of avascular necrosis risk
50
treatment of scaphoid fracture
immobilization (8-12wks) | or surgical
51
good test to rule out wrist fracture
Amsterdam wrist rules
52
7 features of Amsterdam wrist rules distal radius fracture
``` age sweling deformation tender distal radius pain on palmar flexion pain on supination pain on radioulnar tests ```
53
7 features of Amsterdam wrist rules any wrist fracture
``` age male swelling swell at snuffbox deformation distal radius tender pain on radial deviation ```
54
whats de quervain effect
abd pollicis longs and ext poll brevis
55
what test for de quervain
finkelstein
56
treatment of de quervain
ergonomics splinting stretch /strengthen
57
radial sensory nerve compression due to
radial styloid fracture tight cast trauma/sports compression of brachioradialis and ext carpi radials longs
58
T/F de quervains has sensory changes
false
59
which fracture has more pain initially but after 12 months no significant difference
ulnar styloid fracture
60
fracture of hook of hamate cause
direct blow | checking bat
61
sensory or motor changes during fracture of hook of hamate
both because ulnar nerve
62
symptoms of hook of hamate fracture
decreased grip strength ulnar wrist pain tender hook of hamate
63
MOI fracture of triquetrum
FOOSH
64
where is TFCC
between distal end of ulnar and proximal carpal row
65
can TFCC heal
central portion is avascular and can't
66
TFCC tear symptoms
ulnar side wrist pain | worse with grip, rotation and wb
67
assessing TFCC
swelling on dorsal wrist pain in resisted ext / ulnar deviation wrist click reduced grip press test
68
TFCC management
``` brace for 4-6 wks NSAAIDs AAROM resisted strength sport specific ``` could be surgical if these fail
69
borders of carpal tunnel
scaphoid trapezium hamate pisiform roof is flexor retinaculum
70
whats in the carpal tunnel
median nerve flexor dig profundus (4 tendons) flexor dig superficial ( tendons) flexor pollicis longus tendon
71
who gets carpal tunnel
middle age women diabetes pregnant
72
how does carpal tunnel develop
tenosynovium (irritation / inflammation)
73
clinical features of carpal tunnel
``` tingling, numbness in median area (first 3 fingers) nocturnal pain pain in forearm / wrist wrist flexion activites weakness of hand ```
74
is palm effected during carpal tunnel
no because the superficial sensory branch of median doesn't go through carpal tunnel n
75
special tests carpal tunnel
tinel tap phalens/ reverse phalens carpal compression test ULTT (median)
76
objective findings for carpal tunnel
thenar atrophy / mm weakness difficulty manipulating small objects loss of 2 point discrimination

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