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Science Revision > Elements and atoms > Flashcards

Elements and atoms Flashcards

1
Q

What is a compound?

A

Two or more elements and/or compounds chemically joined

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2
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Two or more elements and/or compounds mixed together but not chemically joined

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3
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances

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4
Q

What is a molecule?

A

two or more chemically joined atoms

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5
Q

In the periodic table, what is a row also called?

A

A period

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6
Q

In the periodic table, what is a collumn also called?

A

A group

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7
Q

In the periodic table, how do you group elements into groups?

A

Elements with the same number of electrons in the outer shell are in the same group

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8
Q

In the periodic table, how do you group elements into periods?

A

Elements with the same number of shells are in the same period

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9
Q

What is an atom?

A

The smallest part of an element that can exist

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10
Q

What is a chemical formula?

A

A formula that shows the relative amounts of atoms of each element in a compound

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11
Q

What is a chemical symbol?

A

A one-letter or two-letter code used by scientists in all countries

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12
Q

All metals take the shape of…

A

… A lattice

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13
Q

Copper sulfate + iron ->

A

iron sulfate + copper

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14
Q

What do you add to the end of an element in a compound if it has oxygen in it?

A

-ate (Sulfur->sulfate)

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15
Q

What do you add to the end of an element in a compound if it doesn’t have oxygen in it?

A

-ide (Sulfur->sulfide)

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16
Q

What is a lattice?

A

A regular array of particals

17
Q

When metals and non-metals join together, what shape do they take?

A

A lattice

18
Q

When non-metals bond together, what shape do they (almost) always take?

A

A gas molecule

19
Q

What is a shell?

A

Where you find the electrons in an atom; outside the nucleus

20
Q

How many electrons does the first shell hold?

A

2

21
Q

How many electrons does the second shell hold?

A

8

22
Q

How many electrons does the third shell hold?

A

18 (pretend it’s 8 though)

23
Q

How many electrons does the fourth shell hold?

A

32

24
Q

What is the nucleus? (chemistry)

A

Where you find the protons and the neutrons in an atom

25
Q

What is the formula for amount of neutrons?

A

Mass number - atomic number = neutrons

26
Q

What is an atomic number?

A

The amount of protons

27
Q

Which direction do periods run in the periodic table?

A

Horizontally

28
Q

Which direction do groups run in the periodic table?

A

Vertically

29
Q

What are the group 2 metals called?

A

Alkali Earth metals

30
Q

An acid + a metal ->

A

Salt + hydrogen

31
Q

An acid + a metal carbonate ->

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

32
Q

Water + a metal ->

A

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

33
Q

Why is hydrogen in the middle of the periodic table?

A

It does not have the reactive metal properties of group 1

Science Revision (55 decks)

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