Elizabeth I: Privy Council Flashcards
(27 cards)
Who was Elizabeth’s first Secretary and because Lord Treasurer in 1572?
William Cecil
What did councillors clash about in 1562?
Whether Elizabeth should meet Mary, Queen of Scots or not
What did Cecil persuade Elizabeth to do in 1560?
To committed troops to Scotland after the Treaty of Berwick
When did Leicester, Hatton and Walsingham die?
Leicester - 1588
Hatton - 1591
Walsingham - 1590
How did Elizabeth change the Council after Mary’s reign?
She dismissed 2/3 of Mary’s councillors
Why was the Council divided in 1567?
Marriage proposal between Elizabeth and of Archduke Charles of Austria
What did Elizabeth refuse to grant Essex in 1601?
She did not renew his monopoly over sweet wine after his poor military campaign in Ireland
When and how did the Duke of Norfolk betray Elizabeth?
He was part of the Northern Rebellion in 1569
With which councillor was Elizabeth romantically involved, and what promotion did he gain in 1564?
Robert Dudley became the Earl of Leicester in 1564
What is patronage?
The system by which the crown distributed favours to those who were seen as loyal
What were the two factions that dominated Elizabeth’s Council in the 1590s?
Robert Cecil vs Earl of Essex
When did Elizabeth threaten to create four more Catholic councillors and what issue was this in relation to?
The proposed marriage to the Duke of Alencon, 1579-1581
Who were the ‘big four’ councillors of the period 1570-1588?
Burghley, Leicester, Hatton and Walsingham
How did Elizabeth respond to rebellion in 1601?
She executed the Earl of Essex
How many councillors were there in the 1570s?
Protestant or Catholic?
8 key councillors with a distinctly Protestant leaning
What issues existed over a potential marriage to Robert Dudley?
- Created controversy following suspicions that he had murdered Amy Dudley so he could marry Elizabeth
- Risked devaluing the courtly significance of William Cecil, something that Cecil, as the Queen’s closest courtier, could not tolerate.
Who were the 4 potential suitors for Elizabeth early in her reign?
- Robert Dudley
- Philip of Spain
- Archdukes Ferdinand
- Charles and Prince Erik of Sweden
When did England face a potential succession crisis? What created this?
-1562,
- Elizabeth had been stricken with a potentially life-threatening bout of smallpox.
What issues were there with the potential heirs to the throne in Lady Catherine Grey?-
Disgraced herself with Elizabeth by secretly marrying the Earl of Hertford, diminishing any claim to the throne.
What issues were there with the potential heirs to the throne with MQoS?
- Catholic
- Previously been under French and Scottish influence, meaning that a foreign power could dominate England.
When was Elizabeth again pressured to marry, this time responding more aggressively? What was her response in the PRIVY COUNCIL?
- 1566
- She banished Leicester and the Earl of Pembroke from the presence chamber
What was the final outcome of the succession?
James VI, son of MQS was the heir to the throne upon Elizabeth’s death.
After what date did Elizabeth refrain from creating further dukedoms? Why?
- After 1572
- After all 4 Dukes had been executed for treason.
When did Elizabeth send Essex to Ireland to resolve issues of rebellion there? What action did Essex take?
- Sent Essex to Ireland in 1599 to resolve issues of rebellion.
- Essex disobeyed the Queen by making a truce with Tyrone rather than engaging in battle, before returning to Court.
- This truce then expired and Tyrone moved to take greater control of Ireland.
