embroidery and quilting- 1.5

Question 1

what do embroidery stitches add to a fabric?

Answer 1

-colour
-texture
-pattern

Question 2

stitch variations…

Answer 2

can be combined for decorative effect and decorative components can also be stitched into a design

Question 3

what do embroidery frames help with?

Answer 3

help with holding the fabric taut and in place whilst it is being stitched

Question 4

what can designs be drawn on for embroidery?

Answer 4

designs can be drawn onto water-soluble fabric to provide a template

Question 5

what are 4 examples of different hand embroidery techniques?

Answer 5

-flat stitches (running, back and satin stitch)
-linked stitches (chain and feather stitch)
-looped stitches (blanket and fly stitch)
-knotted stitches (french knots)

Question 6

most sewing machines…

Answer 6

are programmed with decorative stitches that can be selected by changing the stitch pattern, length and width dials

Question 7

comupterised sewing machines…

Answer 7

are pre-programmed with a bigger selection of decorative stitches. they also have the ability to stitch pre-programmed motifs, letters, and numbers

Question 8

computerised embroidery machines…

Answer 8

only sew pre-programmed designs. they come with software that allows users to create their own embroidery designs that can be stored on the machines memory or a memory card that is inserted into the machine, or the user can develop their own designs on a computer and transfer them onto the machine. an attachable embroidery hoop holds the fabric in tension and moves as programmed, to automatically sew the design

Question 9

when drawing with stitches in free machine embroidery what do you require?

Answer 9

a special sewing machine foot

Question 10

what specialist threads can be used in free machine embroidery?

Answer 10

Threads such as maderia threads and should be used on lightweight fabrics supported with interfacing

Question 11

how should the fabric be supported in free machine sewing?

Answer 11

the fabric must be held taut in a hoop or held flat on the base of the machine. the feed dogs must also be lowered to achieve free motion when embroidering, as the purpose of feed dogs is to feed the fabric to the sewing foot.

Question 12

what does quilting do to a fabric?

Answer 12

-adds warmth
-structure
-pattern
-texture
-decorative effects

Question 13

English quilting makes…

Answer 13

a thick decorative fabric that offers a wearer some protection but also traps air and acts as an insulator

Question 14

English quilting involves…

Answer 14

placing a layer of wading between two layers of fabric and then stitching through the layers using a sewing machine quilting foot

Question 15

italian and trapunto quilting are…

Answer 15

decorative techniques that produce a quilted decorative product

Question 16

How do hand embroidery stitches enhance textile products?

Answer 16

• adding 3d effects, as stitches are often raised from the fabric surface (e.g knotted stitches- french knots which are made by winding the embroidery thread around the needle to create a raised effect)
• creating texture, by using thicker yarns such as stranded wool
• adding beads and other embellishment incorporated with the stitching for decorative effects
• using a wide range of yarn types and different stitches to add pops of colour to products
• embroidery can be used on areas such as cuffs, collars and hemlines.

Question 17

what are the three types of machine embroidery techniques?

Answer 17

• computer controlled embroidery machines that store pre-programmed stitches to create designs
• scanned designs that can be programmed into computerised machines to create unique patterns
• free machine embroidery, controlled by moving fabric under the needle to create free motion designs.

Question 18

How does machine embroidery enhance textile products?

Answer 18

-By creating complex designs
-stitching logos and monograms and motifs to represent images or brands
-adding texture by incorporating ribbons and trims

Question 19

what are the properties of quilted fabric?

Answer 19

• Quilted fabrics can be functional and decorative.
• They trap air and provide thermal insulation-the layer of wadding traps warm air.
• The thickness of the layers provide protection from abrasion and falls.
• The padded fabric creates a soft textured effect.
• Quilting gives a 3D appearance.
• Designs can be created with decoratively stitched patterns.
• Trapunto, patchwork and Italian quilting create decorative surface effects.

Question 20

what are flat stitches and what are some examples?

Answer 20

stitches that are typically flat and lie on the surface of the fabric, for example running stitch, back stitch and satin stitch

Question 21

what are linked stitches and what are some examples?

Answer 21

stitches that are formed when a loop of one stitch is linked to another, for example chain stitches and feather stitches

Question 22

what are looped stitches and what are some examples?

Answer 22

looped stitches are made when a loop of thread passes around the needle and each stitch interlinks with the next for example, blanket stitch and fly stitch

Question 23

what are knotted stitches and what are some examples?

Answer 23

knotted stitches are made when the thread is twisted around the needle to form a knotted or raised surface e.g french knots

Question 24

what are the two types of machine embroidery?

Answer 24

-pre-programmed or computer controlled embroidery
-free hand machine embroidery

Question 25

what is the simplest type of quilting and how is it made?

Answer 25

English quilting- this involves placing a layer of wadding between two layers of fabric and stitching through all the layers.

Question 26

what must you make sure of when lining up the outer fabric and wadding fabric before sewing in place?

Answer 26

That the grain line runs in the same direction on the top and bottom layers of the fabric. The layers are pinned and tacked together, starting from the middle and working outwards to ensure the fabric lays flat.

Question 27

how are the quilting layers stitched?

Answer 27

usually in a pattern, based on straight lines and using a long machine stitch to allow for the thickness of the fabric. The lines can be marked using tailors chalk or a quilting foot can be used on the sewing machine to guide the stitching?

Question 28

what can be used on the sewing machine to guide the sewing for quilting?

Answer 28

a quilting foot

Question 29

what is the difference between Italian and English quilting and how is Italian quilting made?

Answer 29

Italian quilting is entirely decorative and does not add warmth to the product. It is made by two layers of fabric being stitched together. A cord or yarn is then inserted between the lines of stitching (channels) so that they stand out, which creates raised linear designs.

Question 30

what is trapunto quilting and how is it made?

Answer 30

trapunto quilting is a decorative form of quilting where two layers of fabric are stitched together and a sewing machine with a variety of different stitches is used to make patterns or designs on the fabric. After this, extra stuffing is inserted into specific design areas from the back of the work by making small slits in the backing fabric. A small amount of padding is inserted using a tool such as a blunt needle and the slits are stitched together. This creates raised and puffed motifs like flowers and leaves for a sculptural look

Question 31

what are crewel needles?

Answer 31

Crewel needles, also known as embroidery needles, are specifically used for embroidery. They have a sharper point, which allows the needle to easily penetrate through tightly woven fabrics, and also has a longer and larger eye in comparison to other hand sewing needles, as it allows thicker embroidery and wool threads to pass through. They are most commonly used for embroidery, but can also be used for general hand sewing when thicker threads are involved

Question 32

how is machine embroidery done?

Answer 32

The design is imported into embroidery software and converted into a file format that the machine can read. The digitized file tells the machine where to stitch, what types of stitches to use and what thread colours to apply. A stabilizer (backing material) such as interfacing is placed under the fabric to prevent puckering and distortion during stitching. The fabric is then placed in an embroidery hoop and the hoop is attached to the embroidery machine. The appropriate embroidery threads are loaded and the machine begins embroidering- the machine automatically moves the hoop according to the design. Some machines are single needle, requiring manual thread colour changes, whilst some are multi-needle and can stitch threads automatically. Once the stitching is complete, the hoop is removed and the excess stabilizer is trimed away or dissolved if it is soluble in water.