Embryology Exam Review Powerpoint Flashcards Preview

3rd Semester Final > Embryology Exam Review Powerpoint > Flashcards

Flashcards in Embryology Exam Review Powerpoint Deck (33)
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1
Q

Timeline day 0 (embryonic age)

A
  • Day 0 is fertilization forming a zygote in distal third of fallopian tube
  • Division into morula (ball of cells will become placenta and embryo, each cell is totipotential)
  • Division into blastocyst (blastocele (cavity) containing embryoblast, trophoblast at other pole form placenta)
2
Q

Timeline week 1 (embryonic age)

A

-up to week 1 implantation on uterine wall of blastocyst

3
Q

“I was drinking when I believe I conceived, did I harm the baby?”

A

First 3 weeks -“All or nothing” insult or damage to fetus at this time will cause miscarriage immediately or no damage

4
Q

Timeline week 2 (embryonic age)

A
  • Bilaminar disk formation, evolution of embryoblast to bilaminar blastocyst with cell layers epiblast and hypoblast (primitive ecto and endoderms) sandwiched between 2 cavities - amniotic cavity and yolk sac
  • Trophoblast divides into cystotrophoblast (inner single cell layered) and syncytiotrophoblast (thicker outer layer releases hGC to prevent menstruation)
5
Q

“I just missed my period, what is embryonic age and gestational age?”

A

Week 2 embryonic age, week 4 gestational age

6
Q

Zygote

A

Union between sperm and egg, quickly begins divisions into morula

7
Q

Morula

A

Ball of cells that will become placenta and embryo, divided from a zygote, each cell is totipotential

8
Q

Blastocele

A

Part of a blastocyst, fluid filled cavity that forms from a morula and will house an embryoblast

9
Q

Embryoblast

A

Part of a blastocyst, early embryo formed from a morula and contained in a blastocele

10
Q

Trophoblast

A

Part of a blastocyst, early placenta formed from a morula surrounding a blastocele

11
Q

Blastocyst

A

Continuation from a morula, houses a blastocele containing an embryoblast, and a trophoblast layer of cells surounding

12
Q

Bilaminar blastocyst

A

Continuation from blastocyst contains inner hypoblast and outer epiblast layers out of the embryoblast

13
Q

Amniotic cavity

A

Forms around the epiblast to create a fluid filled cavity to house the embryoblast in a bilaminar blastocyst

14
Q

Yolk sac

A

Forms extending out of the hypoblast to eventually give rise to the umbilical cord in a bilaminar blastocyst

15
Q

Cystotrophoblast

A

Division from the trophoblast into a single inner cell layer in a bilaminar blastocyst, will be important for implantation

16
Q

Snynctiotrophoblast

A

Division from the trophoblast into a thick outer cell layer in the bilaminar blastocyst, releases hCG to maintain high progesterone levels in the mother to prevent menstruation and maintain pregnancy

17
Q

What occurs in week 3-8 (embryonic age) and why is this the most susceptible time?

A

-Organogenesis occurs, most susceptible because 90% of birth defects will occur here

18
Q

Timeline week 3(embryonic age)

A
  • Gastrulation (transition from blastocyst to a gastrula)
  • Primitive streak (structure forming posterior side, determines site of gastrulation and bilateral symmetry), notochord (becomes nucleus pulposis of intevertebral disks), and neural plate (basis for nervous system) form here, as well as division of the hypo/epiblasts into ecto/meso/endoderms
19
Q

Gastrulation

A

Transition of a blastocyst into a multilayered gastrula

20
Q

Primitive streak

A

Stucture of the gastrula forming posterior side that determines site of gastrulation and creates bilateral symmetry

21
Q

Notochord

A

Structure of the gastrula forming nucleus pulposis of intervertebral disks

22
Q

Neural plate

A

Structure of gastrula forming nervous system basis (and dermatome distribution)

23
Q

Ecto/meso/endoderm form…

A
  • Ecto forms epithelium and nervous system
  • Meso forms bone, muscle, cartilage, blood
  • Endo forms excretory strutures, GI, respiratory, urinary
24
Q

Folate deficiency at week 3 (embryonic age) can cause this developmental disorder

A

Spinal bifida upon neural plate formation

25
Q

Timeline week 4 (embryonic age)

A
  • Heartbeat, 4 chambers, 4 limb buds, 4 branchial arches (gill like structures that give rise to features of the head and neck)
  • tongue lungs GI and diaphragm development too
26
Q

Critical period for autism spectrum disorder, ventricular septal defect, and tricuspid atresia

A

Week 4-6 (embryonic age)

27
Q

Critical period for limb defect

A

Week 4-5 (embryonic age)

28
Q

Critical period for cleft lip defect

A

Week 5-6 (embryonic age)

29
Q

Timeline weeks 5-7 (embryonic age)

A

-gonad differentiation, kidney, bladder, rectum formation

30
Q

Critical period for teeth/palate

A

Week 6-7 (embryonic age)

31
Q

Timeline week 8 (embronic age)

A

fetal movement, strong resemblance to baby

32
Q

Critical period for external genitalia formation

A

Week 8 (embryonic age)

33
Q

At what time can you tell the sex of the fetus?

A

Week 10 (embryonic age)

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