Emergency Management

Question 1

what are the components of the emergency management cycle - PMPRR (5)

Answer 1

1- prevention
2- mitigation
3- preparedness
4- response
5- recovery

Question 2

re: emergency mgmt cycle, what is prevention (1)

Answer 2

1- Directed at stopping a potential emergency
from occurring, focuses on the hazard and the
environment that it threatens (i.e. HIRA)

Question 3

re: emergency mgmt cycle, what is mitigation (1)

Answer 3

1- Reduce a hazard’s impact on the community
before, during, or after the event

Question 4

re: emergency mgmt cycle, what is preparedness (1)

Answer 4

1- Ensure an efficient response through planning
and preparation

Question 5

re: emergency mgmt cycle, what is response (1)

Answer 5

1- Address the immediate and short-term effects
of an emergency

Question 6

re: emergency mgmt cycle, what is recovery (1)

Answer 6

1- Restore the community to an acceptable state, communication to the public

Question 7

re: emergency mgmt cycle, what are examples of prevention (4)

Answer 7

1- Food handler training
2- Immunization programs
3- Zoning to prevent building on flood plains
4- Communicate about risks to stakeholders

Question 8

re: emergency mgmt cycle, what are examples of mitigation (2)

Answer 8

1- Boil water advisory
2- Mass immunization program

Question 9

re: emergency mgmt cycle, what are examples of preparedness (3)

Answer 9

1- Conducting a training/table top exercise
2- Surveillance and epidemiology
3- Maintain inventory of medical assets

Question 10

re: emergency mgmt cycle, what are examples of response (3)

Answer 10

1- Implementing a warming or cooling centre
2- Mass immunization / mass prophylaxis
3- Crisis communication

Question 11

re: emergency mgmt cycle, what are examples of recovery (2)

Answer 11

1- Evaluating an outbreak investigation
2- Environmental assessment after spill

Question 12

what does HIRA stand for (1)

Answer 12

1- hazard identification and risk assessment

Question 13

what is hazard identification (1)

Answer 13

1- identify hazards that could
affect the community, including natural hazards,
technological hazards, and anthropogenic hazards

Question 14

what is risk assessment - PI, 2 types of assessments (1)

Answer 14

1- Probability assessment: chance of occurrence
2- Impact assessment: consider social impacts,
property damage, environmental damage,
infrastructure or service disruption, financial impact,
psychosocial impact

Question 15

what are general approaches for crisis communications (the ‘what’s’, the ‘be’s’ (2)

Answer 15

1- What we know, what we don’t know, what we are
doing to find out, what are
actions to address issue, what you can do to protect yourself and others
2- Be first, be right, be credible, be sympathetic,
be action-promoting, be respectful

Question 16

what is the incident management system (IMS) - what does it do (1)

Answer 16

1- Organizational structure through which a public
health unit should direct emergency response
operations

Question 17

what are the key aspects of incident management systems (IMS) (5)

Answer 17

1- span of control (ideal 3-7)
2- operational briefing
3- organizational chart
4- contraction
5- after-action report

Question 18

what are the principles of IMS - I’ll MISS-U-IF (7)

Answer 18

1- modular
2- interoperable
3- standardized
4- simple
5- unity of command
6- integrated communication
7- flexible and scalable

Question 19

re: IMS principles, what does modular mean (1)

Answer 19

1- Composed of discrete but
interrelated components

Question 20

re: IMS principles, what does interoperable mean (1)

Answer 20

1- Functional and
technological ability for
responders from different
jurisdictions/
organizations to work
together (e.g., by sharing the
same procedures)

Question 21

re: IMS principles, what does standardized mean (1)

Answer 21

1- Shared management
structures and terminology

Question 22

re: IMS principles, what does simple mean (1)

Answer 22

1- Elements are eliminated
when no longer needed

Question 23

re: IMS principles, what does unity of command mean (1)

Answer 23

1- Each person, at every level,
reports to only one clearly
designated supervisor

Question 24

re: IMS principles, what does integrated communication mean (1)

Answer 24

1- Communicate with
stakeholders consistently

Question 25

re: IMS principles, what does flexible and scalable mean (1)

Answer 25

1- Can be expanded or contracted to address any size of incident

Question 26

what are the key functions of IMS - iFLOP (5)

Answer 26

1- incident command 2- finance (pays) 3- logistics (gets) 4- operations (does) 5- planning (prepares)

Question 27

re: IMS key functions, what are the 3 command staff as part of incident command (on top of incident commander) - SIL (3)

Answer 27

1- safety 2- information 3- liaison

Question 28

re: IMS key functions, what does finance do (1)

Answer 28

1- Recording, tracking, and coordinating payment/funding for purchases related to the emergency

Question 29

re: IMS key functions, what does logistics do (1)

Answer 29

1- Procure, mobilize and deploy resources to assist in response (e.g. supplies, equipment, facilities, services or personnel)

Question 30

re: IMS key functions, what does operations do (1)

Answer 30

1- Directs staff resources to accomplish response activities (e.g. investigation, sampling, surveillance)

Question 31

re: IMS key functions, what does planning do (1)

Answer 31

1- technical expertise required to respond to the outbreak and engages in data analysis activities to ensure that advice is based on epidemiological, laboratory and other data

Question 32

what is continuity of operations plan (COOP) - what does it do (1)

Answer 32

1- defines how organizational interests will be protected and its internal essential operations will be sustained during an emergency

Question 33

what part of the emergency mgmt cycle does a COOP address (1)

Answer 33

1- Bridges the gap between the Response and Recovery phases

Question 34

what are common COOP scenarios (5)

Answer 34

1- Strike contingency planning 2- Loss of access to a facility 3- Loss of services due to equipment or system failure 4- Natural disaster 5- Pandemic (influenza)

Question 35

what are general steps of a COOP (3_

Answer 35

1- Identify time-critical public health services that must be delivered 2- Assign resources to maintain time-critical public health functions and identify dependencies and vulnerabilities to continued delivery 3- Develop recovery procedures to guide restoration of time-critical services

Question 36

what are populations at risk of extreme heat emergency - MP-SCONE (7)

Answer 36

1- Extremes of age - Infants, young children, and older adults 2- chronic illnesses or who are physically impaired 3- meds - People taking certain medications that affect heat sensitivity by interfering with the body’s cooling functions or water/salt retention (e.g., antihypertensives, antidepressants, antipsychotics, anti-Parkinson’s) 4- Socially disadvantaged individuals (e.g., homeless people, people living alone, those lacking air conditioning) 5- Newcomers to Canada and transient populations (e.g., tourists) 6- occupation - Certain occupational groups (e.g., farmers, construction workers, miners, tree planters) 7- physical activity - Those who are physically active

Question 37

what are health impacts of extreme heat events - HEF-CHEDDAR (10)

Answer 37

1- Heat edema 2- rash 3- cramps 4- fainting 5- exhaustion 6- heat stroke 7- death 8- Allergies 9- enteric disease from food spoilage 10- drowning

Question 38

using the emergency mgmt cycle, what are some approaches to managing extreme heat events - prevention (1)

Answer 38

1- reduce urban heat island effect

Question 39

using the emergency mgmt cycle, what are some approaches to managing extreme heat events - preparedness (5)

Answer 39

1-Assess heat-health vulnerability 2- Improve social capital/networks 3- Stakeholder outreach 4- Develop heat alert protocols 5- Develop communication and response plans

Question 40

using the emergency mgmt cycle, what are some approaches to managing extreme heat events - response (4)

Answer 40

1-Alert protocols: activate response, identify heat-health risks 2- Community response plans: assist vulnerable people 3- Community mobilization and engagement: open cooling centres 4- Communication plans: alert citizens and stakeholders, deliver education about adaptation

Question 41

using the emergency mgmt cycle, what are some approaches to managing extreme heat events - recovery (2)

Answer 41

1- Improve heat alert and response plans 2- Identify improvement opportunities

Question 42

what are health impacts of extreme cold events - WFHD (4)

Answer 42

1- windburn 2- frostbite 3- hypothermia 4- death

Question 43

which populations are at higher risk of adverse outcomes from extreme cold events - CHEMOS (6)

Answer 43

1- Extremes of age (infants, young children, and older adults 2- Outdoor workers 3- chronic - People with chronic medical conditions or underlying infections 4- meds - People taking certain medications (including beta blockers) 5- sport - Winter sport enthusiasts 6- Homeless persons and those lacking shelter or proper clothing

Question 44

what are key messages to the public/media for extreme cold events - LADS (4)

Answer 44

1- Dress warmly and in layers 2- Stay dry and change out of wet clothing 3- Look for shelter if caught outside 4- Avoid consuming alcohol before going outside

Question 45

what are some causes of flooding - items 1-4 = climate-related causes, items 5-7 = land features involved - HISS FDS (7)

Answer 45

1- heavy or prolonged rainfall 2- snowmelt 3- ice jams 4- sea level rise in conjunction with: 5- drainage 6- soil type 7- flood control systems

Question 46

what are short term health effects from flooding - HIDE (4)

Answer 46

1- drowning 2- injuries 3- hypothermia 4- electrocution

Question 47

what are long term health effects from flooding - WFV CMCM (7)

Answer 47

1- waterborne disease 2- foodborne disease 3- vector-borne disease 4- chemical contamination of drinking water 5- mould exposure 6- carbon monoxide poisoning (after flooding due to damage to heating systems) 7- mental health (PTSD)

Question 48

what are some public health actions that can be taken to address health risks from flooding - FEB (3)

Answer 48

1- Food safety education: throw away perishable foods and foods that have come in contact with flood water 2- BWA: Issue boil water advisory, as needed 3- Education regarding removing stagnant water, preventing mold growth, and preventing CO poisoning

Question 49

what are characteristics that make an event suspicious for bioterrorism (deliberate epidemic) - D<-U->E MAUDD (7)

Answer 49

1- Unusual event: with higher morbidity or mortality than expected 2- Uncommon disease: vector-borne disease in an area without a competent vector 3- Multiple epidemics: especially if a single agent at multiple locations 4- AR - Lower attack rates in protected individuals: individuals in buildings with filtered air supply 5- Dead animals: bioterrorism agents are often zoonoses 6- Unusual disease manifestation/transmission: inhalational rather than cutaneous anthrax 7- Downwind plume pattern: cases cluster in a downwind plume pattern