Emollient and barrier preparations Flashcards
(13 cards)
What are emollients used for?
They soothe, smooth, and hydrate dry or scaling skin disorders like eczema (and to a lesser extent, psoriasis).
Which emollients can be used as soap substitutes?
Aqueous cream and emulsifying ointment.
Why should aqueous cream be avoided as a leave-on emollient in eczema?
It may increase the risk of skin reactions in eczema patients.
What additive can enhance the penetration of topical corticosteroids?
Urea.
What is the MHRA safety concern regarding emollients?
Paraffin-based and some paraffin-free emollients can cause fabric build-up and pose a fire risk near open flames or smoking.
How should bath emollients be used?
Add to bath water or apply undiluted to wet skin before rinsing. Soak for 10–20 minutes for hydration.
What do barrier creams typically contain?
Water-repellent substances like dimeticone or other silicones.
When are barrier creams used?
On intact skin around stomas, pressure areas, and bedsores to prevent skin breakdown.
What causes nappy rash?
It’s a form of irritant contact dermatitis due to skin maceration, urine/faeces contact, friction, and raised skin pH.
What is the first-line management of nappy rash?
Frequent nappy changes, avoiding tight waterproof pants, air exposure, and using barrier creams.
When should mild topical corticosteroids be used in nappy rash?
If inflammation causes discomfort; use hydrocortisone 0.5%–1% for up to 7 days, avoiding use in neonates.
What should be done if candidiasis is present in nappy rash?
Apply a topical antifungal such as clotrimazole.
What is the treatment for bacterial nappy rash infection?
Use a topical or oral antibiotic. Flucloxacillin is first-line; clarithromycin if penicillin-allergic.
