Rosacea and acne Flashcards
(25 cards)
What areas of the face are typically affected by rosacea?
Central face – cheeks, chin, nose, and forehead.
Name the two diagnostic features of rosacea.
Persistent facial erythema and phymatous changes.
What are the major features of rosacea?
Flushing, papules/pustules, telangiectasia, and ocular rosacea.
What are common triggers for rosacea?
UV exposure, alcohol, spicy foods, hot drinks, emotional stress, Demodex mites, temperature extremes.
What topical is used for persistent erythema in rosacea?
Brimonidine 0.5% gel.
What is first-line treatment for mild–moderate papules/pustules in rosacea?
Topical ivermectin.
What oral treatment is used for moderate–severe papules/pustules in rosacea?
Oral doxycycline 40 mg daily for 8–12 weeks.
What types of lesions are seen in acne?
Comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts.
How is mild to moderate acne defined?
≤34 inflammatory lesions and ≤2 nodules.
What should be avoided in acne skincare?
Oil-based products, over-cleansing, lesion picking.
What is a common non-drug acne therapy for refractory cases?
Photodynamic therapy.
What fixed topical combinations are first-line in acne treatment?
Adapalene + benzoyl peroxide
Tretinoin + clindamycin
Benzoyl peroxide + clindamycin
What oral antibiotics are used in moderate to severe acne?
Doxycycline 100 mg or lymecycline 408 mg.
What alternatives can be used if tetracyclines are unsuitable?
Trimethoprim or macrolides (e.g., erythromycin).
What must be in place for females on isotretinoin?
Pregnancy Prevention Programme due to teratogenicity.
What is the acne maintenance therapy recommendation?
Topical adapalene + benzoyl peroxide or monotherapy, reviewed after 12 weeks.
When should acne be referred to dermatology?
In cases of acne conglobate (severe nodulocystic acne), fulminans, scarring, psychological distress, or unresponsive cases.
What is the MHRA’s main safety concern with isotretinoin?
Risk of severe birth defects (teratogenicity) and potential psychiatric side effects (e.g., depression, suicidal ideation).
What must be followed for females of childbearing potential taking isotretinoin?
The Pregnancy Prevention Programme (PPP).
How long should pregnancy be avoided after stopping isotretinoin?
At least 1 month after treatment ends.
What psychological aspect should be monitored during isotretinoin treatment?
Mood and mental health, including signs of depression or suicidal thoughts.
How quickly does brimonidine (usually treats open angle glaucoma) act and how long does it last?
Acts within 30 minutes, peaks at 3–6 hours, and then wears off.
Can benzoyl peroxide be used as monotherapy?
Yes, especially if patients want to avoid topical retinoids or antibiotics.
When should topical retinoids be avoided?
During pregnancy, due to potential teratogenicity.
