EMT Exam #3

Question 1

Which splints are best for closed, mid shaft femur fractures?

Answer 1

Hare traction

Question 2

What is the best way to manage unstable airways due to chest injury, including the management of flail segments?

Answer 2

Ventilation

Question 3

How will a patient present when they have a pneumothorax?

Answer 3

Difficulty breathing

Question 4

What breath sounds would you expect to hear on a patient suffering a pneumothorax?

Answer 4

Diminished, absent or abnormal breath sounds

Question 5

How will a patient present when they have a hemothorax?

Answer 5

Suffering from shock w/o any obvious signs of bleeding

Question 6

What breath sounds would you expect to hear on a patient suffering a hemothorax?

Answer 6

Decreased breath sounds on affected side

Question 7

Name wound:
Loss or damage of the superficial layer of the skin, caused by friction when a body part rubs or scrapes across a rough or hard surface.

Answer 7

Abrasion

Question 8

Name wound:

An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap

Answer 8

Avulsion

Question 9

Name wound:

The displacement of organs outside the body

Answer 9

Evisceration

Question 10

Name wound:

A deep, jagged cut in the skin

Answer 10

Laceration

Question 11

How would you treat a laceration or abrasion?

Answer 11

Control bleeding w/ direct pressure

Question 12

What is the treatment for an avulsion?

Answer 12

Replace flap in original position and cover

Question 13

What should you do if an avulsion flap is separated from body?

Answer 13

Wrap tissue in sterile gauze and take w/ patient

Question 14

What is the treatment for an evisceration injury?

Answer 14

Do not move organs, place moist dressing and cover w/ occlusive

Question 15

When should you remove an impaled object?

Answer 15

When it interferes w/ breathing or CPR

Question 16

A(n) ________________ is a penetrating trauma with air sucking sound at wound site over lung

Answer 16

Sucking chest wound

Question 17

What should you remember to check on a patient who is suffering from a sucking chest wound?

Answer 17

Patient’s back

Question 18

Which two injuries should you especially use occlusive dressings on?

Answer 18

Sucking chest wounds and wounds to neck

Question 19

Name type of shock:
Resulting from lack of blood volume. Circulating blood volume is inadequate to deliver sufficient oxygen and nutrients to the body.

Answer 19

Hypovolemic/Hemorrhagic

Question 20

Name type of shock:
Associated with impaired heart function; compromised heart function prevents wastes and nutrients from moving around the body effectively.

Answer 20

Cardiogenic

Question 21

Name type of shock:

Resulting when the respiratory fails, due to illness or obstruction, and the body is deprived of oxygen.

Answer 21

Respiratory

Question 22

Name type of shock:

Resulting from severe allergic reaction.

Answer 22

Anaphylactic

Question 23

Name type of shock:
Resulting from injury to the nervous system; for example, spinal cord injury may result in dilation of vessels below the level of the injury.

Answer 23

Neurogenic

Question 24

Name type of shock:
Resulting from severe infection; blood vessels dilate and decreased blood pressure results; leads to dysfunction in multiple organ systems and death.

Answer 24

Septic

Question 25

Name type of shock: | Resulting from blocked blood flow back to or through the heart.

Answer 25

Obstructive

Question 26

Name type of shock: Abnormal distribution of blood flow in the smallest blood vessels results in inadequate supply of blood to the body's tissues and organs.

Answer 26

Distributive

Question 27

Name type of shock: | Causes fainting, probably by initiating dilation of the blood vessels that perfuse the muscles.

Answer 27

Psychogenic

Question 28

What are the signs and symptoms of shock?

Answer 28

``` Low BP (late sign) Clammy Rapid pulse/breathing Changes in mental status Pale skin LOC ```

Question 29

What happens to someone's BP later in shock?

Answer 29

Falls due to decompensated shock

Question 30

What are the signs of internal bleeding?

Answer 30

Abdominal rigidity Discoloration Pain or tenderness

Question 31

What are the two techniques to control bleeding?

Answer 31

Direct pressure | Tourniquet

Question 32

What are the signs of ICP?

Answer 32

Increasing BP Slower pulse Deep/irregular respirations

Question 33

When is ICP usually seen?

Answer 33

In closed head injuries

Question 34

How should you position a trauma patient who is pregnant?

Answer 34

On left side or elevate right side

Question 35

What should you do to a pregnant female in cardiac arrest?

Answer 35

Resuscitate and transport, save unborn child

Question 36

Name burn: | Burns that affect only the epidermis, characterized by skin that is red but not blistered or actually burned through

Answer 36

Superficial (first-degree)

Question 37

Name burn: Burns that affect the epidermis and some portion of the dermis but not the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by blisters and skin that is white to red, moist and mottled

Answer 37

Partial-thickness (second-degree)

Question 38

Name burn: Burns that affect all skin layers and may affect the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone and internal organs, leaving the area dry, leathery, and white, dark, brown or charred

Answer 38

Full-thickness (third-degree)

Question 39

What type of dressings should be used on most burns?

Answer 39

Dry except for minor superficial

Question 40

Describe the rule of 9’s in infants

Answer 40

``` Head and back: 18 Torso: 18 Genitals: 1 Legs: 13.5 each Arms: 9 each ```

Question 41

Describe the rule of 9’s in children

Answer 41

``` Head: 12 Back and torso: 18 Genitals: 1 Legs: 16.5 each Arms: 9 each ```

Question 42

Describe rule of 9’s in adults

Answer 42

Head and each arm: 9 Back, torso, and each leg: 18 Genitals: 1

Question 43

What can result after compartment syndrome or a prolonged crushing injury to the body?

Answer 43

Toxins in blood return to bloodstream

Question 44

____________________ trauma is an injury caused by objects, such as knives and bullets, that pierce the surface of the body and damage internal tissues and organs

Answer 44

Penetrating

Question 45

___________________ trauma is an impact on the body by objects that cause injury without penetrating soft tissues or internal organs and cavities

Answer 45

Blunt

Question 46

What is the response of a patient who is suffering from a brain stem injury?

Answer 46

High BP and slow pulse

Question 47

What might happen when ICP results from a brain stem injury?

Answer 47

Brain begins to push down through foramen magnum

Question 48

What do all unconscious patients get?

Answer 48

Oral airway, if gag pull it