Endocrine System

Question 1

Certain glands in the body release their secretions directly into the bloodstream instead of through a duct

Answer 1

Ductless or endocrine glands

Question 2

Within

Answer 2

Endo

Question 3

Secrete

Answer 3

Crinis

Question 4

The secretions of the endocrine glands. They are special protein substances which are present in small quantities in the body. They bring about changes in cells or tissues which are referred to as their “targets.”

Answer 4

Hormones

Question 5

? Located at the middle are of the brain

Hormones: ? It helps regulate daily sleep-wake cycle or seasonal rhythms associated with existing light condition

Answer 5

Pineal Body

Melatonin

Question 6

? Located at the lower central area of the brain

Hormones: ? Transported to the posterior pituitary for temporary storage

Answer 6

Hypothalamus

Oxytocin and vasopressin

Question 7

Located just beneath the hypothalamus. It is known as “the master gland” because it secretes quite a number of hormones that influence many other glands

Answer 7

Pituitary Gland

Question 8

?
Hormones: ? A growth hormone that regulates metabolic functions
? Regulates activity of the thyroid gland
? Stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete its own hormone
? Stimulates gamete formation: egg cells in the ovary and sperm cells in the testes
? Stimulates ovaries and testes to produce sex hormones
? Stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk

Answer 8

Anterior lobe
Somatotropin
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Prolactin

Question 9

?

Hormones: ? A stimulating hormone that enhances production of melanin pigment

Answer 9

Middle lobe

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

Question 10

? It releases hormones secreted by the hypothalamus
Hormones: ? Regulates uterine contraction during childbirth
? Antidiuretic hormone, prevents water loss from the body

Answer 10

Posterior lobe
Oxytocin
Vasopressin

Question 11

? Located at the base of the neck, wrapped around the lateral side of trachea
Hormones: ? Work together to regulate the body’s mental and physical growth
? Decreases blood calcium level

Answer 11

Thyroid
Thyroxin and triiodothyronine
Calcitonin

Question 12

? 4 structures wrapped around the thyroid

Hormones: ? Controls calcium level within the bones and in the blood

Answer 12

Parathyroid

Parathormone

Question 13

? Located at the top of the kidneys
? Outer part
Hormones: ? Their functions include breakdown of protein and increase of blood sugar
? Help regulate concentration of minerals such as sodium, calcium, and water balance in the blood
? Influence the development of male secondary sex characteristics

Answer 13

Adrenal Glands
Adrenal Cortex
Glucocorticoids
Mineral corticoids
Androgens such as testosterone

Question 14

? Inner part
Hormones: ? Both help to trigger physiological changes to improve the “fight or flight” response to stress or emergencies

Answer 14

Adrenal medulla

Adrenaline or epinephrine and noradrenaline or norepinephrine

Question 15

? Islets of Langerhans
Hormones: ? Secreted by beta cells, lowers blood sugar level
? Produced by alpha cells, raised blood sugar level

Answer 15

Pancreas
Insulin
Glucagon

Question 16

? Located In the scrotum

Hormones: ? Controls growth and development of male sex organ and secondary sex characteristics

Answer 16

Testes

Androgen testosterone

Question 17

? Located in the pelvis above the uterus
Hormones: ? Stimulate growth of uterine lining
? Also controls development of female secondary sex characteristics

Answer 17

Ovaries
Progesterone and estrogen
Estrogen