Endocrine System Lab Guide Flashcards by Alexander Himlan

Biogenic Amines

Single amino acid. Small.
Ex: NorEpi, Epi, Thyrioid Hormone

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Protein Hormones

Linked chain of amines. Largest
Insulin and glucogen

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Steroid hormone

Multi-ringed. Medium.
Ex: Testosterone and estrogen.

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Endocrine secretion

Hormones into the blood

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Exocrine secretion

Substances onto the body surface

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Endocrine organs

Thymus
Adrenal glands
Pancreas
Pineal gland
Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Ovaries
Testes

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Other name for anterior pituitary

adenohypophysis

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Other name for post. pit.

neurohypophysis

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how does the hypothalamus communicate with the posterior pituitary?

Direct neural connection

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how does the hypothalamus communicate with the anterior pituitary?

Hypopphyeal portal system

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Hypophyeal portal system

Connection of capillaries from the hypothalamus that deliver hormones released from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary.

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Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Anterior pit
stimulus for release = TRH
Target = thyroid
effect = release TH

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Follicle stimulating hormone

Anterior pit
stimulus for release = GnRH
Target = Testicles/Ovaries
effect = Egg/Estrogen in women Sperm/Testosterone in men

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Luteinizing Hormone

Anterior pit
stimulus for release = GnRH
Target = Testicles/Ovaries
effect = Egg/Estrogen in women Sperm/Testosterone in men

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Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Anterior pit
stimulus for release = CRH
Target = Adrenal Cortex
effect = Corticosteroids

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Growth Hormone

Anterior pit
stimulus for release = GHRH
Target = All cells
effect = Growth

Prolactin

Anterior pit
stimulus for release = PRH
Target = Mammary glands
effect = Milk production

Oxytocin

Posterior pit
stimulus for release = suckling breast
Target = Mammaries+uterus
effect = Milk release

Antidiuretic Hormone

posterior pit
stimulus for release = Dehydration
Target = Kidney
effect = Increases water retention

Pineal gland hormone

Melatonin (sleepy hormone)

Thyroid Hormone

Stimulus for release: TSH
Target:
Liver -> glycolysis
Adipose ->lipolysis
also increases HR + respiration
Effect: increased metabolism

Calcitonin

Stimulus for release: increased blood calcium
Target: bones and kidneys
Effects: decreased blood calcium

Cell found within the parathyroid

Chief cells

Parathyroid hormone

Stimulus for release: lowered BC
Target: Bones, Intestines and Kidneys
Effects: increased BC

what does the thymus release

thymosine

Adrenal cortex

Zona Glomerulosa Zona Fasciculata Zona Reticularis

Zona Glomerulosa

1st Mineralocorticoid

Zona Fasciculata

2nd layer Glucocorticoids

Zona Reticularis

3rd layer Gonadocorticoid

Mineralocorticoids

Stimulus for release: ACTH Target: Kidney Effects: increase blood ions + Water retention mostly aldosterone

Glucocorticoids

Stimulus for release: ACTH Target: All cells + Liver (increase glycolysis) + Adipose (increase lipolysis) Effects: Resist stress + repair mostlly cortisol

Gonadocorticoid

Stimulus for release: ACTH Target: Body hair, fat and puberty shit Effects: Increases sex characteristics mostly androgens

catecholamines

Stimulus for release: ACTH Target: All Cells Effects: + HR BP BR Norepi and epi

Insulin

Stimulus: High Bp Target: Liver (glycogenisis) + Adipose (lipogensis) Effects: lower Blood sugar

Glucagon

Stimulus: Low blood sugar target: Liver (glycolysis) + Adipose (lipolysis) Effects: raise bp