Endocrine System Part 3

Question 1

Location and size of pancreatic islets

Answer 1

Pancreatic islets are small clumps of cells scattered among the exocrine pancreatic cells that secrete the pancreatic digestive juices

Question 2

Two important types of cells in the pancreatic islets

Answer 2

Alpha cells and beta cells

Question 3

Hormone secreted by beta cells

Answer 3

Insulin

Question 4

Hormone secreted by alpha cells

Answer 4

Glucagon

Question 5

Glucagon

Answer 5

Accelerated process called glycogenolysis in the liver

Question 6

Glycogenolysis

Answer 6

Chemical process by which the glucose stored in the liver cells in the form of glycogen is converted to glucose.

Question 7

Effect of glucagon

Answer 7

Increases blood glucose concentrations

Question 8

Effect of insulin

Answer 8

Decreases blood glucose concentration

Question 9

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 9

Pancreatic islets secrete too little insulin

Question 10

Disease caused by pancreatic islets secreting too little insulin

Answer 10

Type 1 Diabetes mellitus

Question 11

Disease that results from some decrease of insulin and an abnormality of the insulin receptors, preventing the normal effects of insulin on its target cells and this also raising blood glucose levels

Answer 11

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Question 12

Condition in which excess glucose is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and lost in the urine

Answer 12

Glycosuria

Question 13

Woman’s primary sex glands

Answer 13

Ovaries

Question 14

Two glandular structures in the ovary

Answer 14

Ovarian follicles and corpus luteum

Question 15

Ovarian follicles

Answer 15

Little pockets in which ova develop

Question 16

Ova

Answer 16

Female eggs

Question 17

Ovarian follicle secretion

Answer 17

Estrogen

Question 18

Estrogens effects on the body

Answer 18

Development and maturation of breasts and external genitals as wells as the contours of the femal body and the initiation of the menstrual cycle

Question 19

Corpus luteum

Answer 19

Chiefly secreted progesterone, but some estrogen

Question 20

Male sex glands

Answer 20

Testes is primary male gland

Question 21

Tested production

Answer 21

Sperm, semen, testosterone,

Question 22

Feminizing hormone

Answer 22

Estrogen

Question 23

Masculinizing hormone

Answer 23

Testosterone

Question 24

Responsibility of testosterone

Answer 24

Maturation of external genitals, beard growth, changes in voice at puberty, muscular development, and the contours of the male body

Question 25

Location of the thymus gland

Answer 25

Mediastinum

Question 26

Two parts of the thymus gland

Answer 26

Cortex and medulla

Question 27

What are both portions of the thymus largely composed of

Answer 27

White blood cells

Question 28

What gland plays an important role in the body's defense agains infection

Answer 28

Thymus

Question 29

Thymus is known as

Answer 29

Vital immunity mechanism

Question 30

What is unique about thymosin

Answer 30

Group of several hormones and it plays an important role in the development and function of the bodies immune system

Question 31

Placenta

Answer 31

Temporary endocrine gland during pregnancy

Question 32

What hormone does the placenta produce?

Answer 32

Chorionicgonadotropins

Question 33

Chorionicgonadotropins are secreted by cells of:

Answer 33

The chorion

Question 34

What is the chorion

Answer 34

Outermost membrane that surrounds the baby during development in the uterus

Question 35

Placenta also produces what hormones

Answer 35

Estrogen and progesterone

Question 36

Location of the pineal gland

Answer 36

Small gland near the roof of the third ventricle of the brain

Question 37

Melatonin

Answer 37

Inhibits the tropic hormones that affect the ovaries and is thought to be involved in regulating the onset of puberty and the menstrual cycle in women

Question 38

The pineal gland is sometimes referred to as the

Answer 38

Third eye

Question 39

Most significant hormone the pineal gland secreted

Answer 39

Melatonin

Question 40

How does the pineal gland respond to different light levels

Answer 40

Secretes more melatonin at night and less in the day. This is thought to be a time keeping mechanism.

Question 41

Ghrelin

Answer 41

Secreted by epithelial cells lining the stomach and boosts appetite, slows metabolism, and reduces fat burning

Question 42

Atrialnatriuretic hormone (ANH)

Answer 42

Secreted by the heart and regulated fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and is an antagonist to aldosterone

Question 43

Leptin

Answer 43

Seems to regulate how hungry or full we feel and how fat is metabolized in the body

Question 44

Another name for Pancreatic islets

Answer 44

Islets of langerhans