Endocrine System Part 2

Question 1

What are the two parts of the pituitary gland?

Answer 1

Adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis

Question 2

What is the adenohypophysis?

Answer 2

Part of the pituitary gland that has a structure of an endocrine gland

Question 3

What is nerohypophysis

Answer 3

Part of the pituitary gland that has structure of nervous tissue

Question 4

Where is the pituitary gland found?

Answer 4

The pituitary gland lies buried deep in the cranial cavity, in the small depression of the sphenoid bone, the sella turcica

Question 5

What part of the brain is the pituitary gland attached to?

Answer 5

Hypothalamus

Question 6

Adenohypophysis is also known as the

Answer 6

Anterior pituitary gland

Question 7

Neurohypophysis is also know as the

Answer 7

Posterior pituitary gland

Question 8

How big is the pituitary gland?

Answer 8

Pea sized

Question 9

Anterior pituitary gland hormones

Answer 9

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Antinocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) 
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Growth Hormone (GH)
Prolactin (PRL)

Question 10

Posterior Pituitary Gland Hormones

Answer 10

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin (OT)

Question 11

Hypothalamus hormone production

Answer 11

ADH
Oxytocin
Releasing Hormones (RHs)
Inhibiting Hormones (IHs)

Question 12

Where is the Thyroid gland located?

Answer 12

In the neck just below the larynx

Question 13

Hormones released by the thyroid gland

Answer 13

Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Calcitonin (CT)

Question 14

What is hypercalcemia

Answer 14

Harmful excess of calcium in the blood

Question 15

Parathyroid Gland location

Answer 15

Usually four located on the back of the thyroid gland

Question 16

Parathyroid hormones

Answer 16

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 17

What does parathyroid hormone (PTH) do?

Answer 17

Increases the concentration of calcium in the blood

Stimulates osteoclasts

Question 18

What happens with too much calcium?

Answer 18

Person becomes mentally disturbed and heart may stop

Question 19

What happens with too little blood calcium

Answer 19

Nerve cells become overactive

Question 20

Thyroxine (T4)

Answer 20

T4 Contains 4 iodine atoms
T3 contains 3 iodine atoms
T3 is the principle thyroid hormone 
Influence all the cells in the body
Make cells speed up their release of energy from foods

Question 21

What is different about thyroid glands

Answer 21

Stores considerable amount of thyroid hormones in the form of the colloid compound

Question 22

Calcitonin

Answer 22

Decreases the amount of calcium in the blood

Question 23

Releasing hormones (RHs) and Inhibiting hormones (IHs)

Answer 23

Produced in the hypothalamus and travel to the anterior pituitary gland where they cause the release of anti pituitary hormones

Question 24

Diabetes insipidus

Answer 24

A condition in which large volumes of urine are formed

Question 25

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 25

Accelerates the reabsorption of water from urine of water from urine in kidney tubules back into the blood.

Question 26

Oxytocin in the posterior pituitary gland

Answer 26

Secreted by a woman's body before and after she has a baby Stimulates contractions of the smooth muscles of the uterus Believed to initiate and maintain labor

Question 27

Prolactin (PRL)

Answer 27

In women, stimulates breast development for lactation and stimulates breast secretion

Question 28

Hyperglycemia

Answer 28

Higher than normal blood glucose concentration

Question 29

Hypoglycemia

Answer 29

Lower than normal blood glucose concentration

Question 30

Growth Hormone (GH)

Answer 30

Speed up the movement of digested proteins out of the blood and into the cells and this accelerates cells anabolisms

Question 31

Anabolism

Answer 31

Build up

Question 32

Tropic hormones

Answer 32

Stimulates other endocrine glands

Question 33

Which tropic hormone stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormones,

Answer 33

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 34

Which tropic hormone stimulates secretion of of adrenal cortex hormones

Answer 34

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 35

Which tropic hormone stimulates development of ovarian follicles and secretion of estrogens?

Answer 35

Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 36

Which tropic hormone stimulates interstitial cells of the testes to secrete testosterone

Answer 36

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Question 37

Which tropic hormone stimulates seminiferous tubules of the testes to grow and produce sperm?

Answer 37

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

Question 38

Which tropic hormone stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicles and ovum; stimulates secretion of estrogen, triggers ovulation; stimulates development of corpus luteum in females

Answer 38

luteinizing Hormone (LH)