Nervous System

Question 1

Major difference between afferent neurons and efferent neurons

Answer 1

The afferent neurons (sensory neurons) have cell bodies in the PNS and the cell body is bypassed by the axons and dendrites. The efferent (motor neuron) have dendrites attatch to the soma and the soma and dendrites are both located in the CNS

Question 2

interneurons account for how many of all neurons?

Answer 2

99%

Question 3

Outtermost membrane of schwann cells are called

Answer 3

neurilemma

Question 4

Why are neurilemma important?

Answer 4

because they appear to be critical in nerve regeneration

Question 5

these cells have long thread-like processes that stretch out and attach neurons and blood vessels together.

Answer 5

astrocytes

Question 6

these cells perform the critical function of searching for and destroying any microorganisms that may have gotten into the CNS. They will also sweep and dispose of any cellular debris resulting from disease or damage within the CNS tissue.

Answer 6

microglia

Question 7

these cells serve a similar function as the Schwann cells in the PNS. They form myelin sheaths around nerve axons within the CNS.

Answer 7

Oligodendrocytes

Question 8

cells are very important as they line all of the hollow places inside of the CNS. They also secrete cerebrospinal fluid into those spaces.

Answer 8

Ependymal Cells

Question 9

All reflex arcs are composed of at least 5 parts:

Answer 9

• Receptor
• Sensory neuron
• Synapse
• Motor neuron
• Effector organ

Question 10

Sensory nerves are isolated into the ____ of the spinal cord

Answer 10

dorsal root

Question 11

Motor nerves are iolated into the ______ of the spinal cord

Answer 11

ventral root

Question 12

Whit box

Answer 12

Information processing

Question 13

black boxes

Answer 13

sensory information with afferent division and motor commands within efferent division

Question 14

green boxes

Answer 14

special sensory receptors, somatic sensory receptors, visceral sensory receptors

Question 15

Maroon

Answer 15

Somatic Nervous System, autonomic nervous system

Question 16

Navy

Answer 16

Parasympathetic, sympathetic

Question 17

Purple

Answer 17

skeletal muscle

-smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands

Question 18

A

Answer 18

Endoneurium

Question 19

B

Answer 19

Perineurium

Question 20

C

Answer 20

Epineurium

Question 21

D

Answer 21

Fascicle

Question 22

Answer 22

1. Nucleus
2. Dendrite
3. Axon
4. Nodes of Rancier
5. Myelin-Forminc Cell
6. Cell Body
7. Axon
8. Myelin

Question 23

Nerve cells are leaky to what ion

Answer 23

potassium

Question 24

what is the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

Answer 24

more positive on the outside than the insside.

Question 25

This simply means that these neurotransmitters are synthesized from amino acids and contain a catechol group and thus the name.

Answer 25

catecholamines

Question 26

neurotransmitter that play roles in sleep, moods, and pleasure functions as well as motor function

Answer 26

catecholamines

Question 27

neurotransmitters that have morphine like activity in the CNS

Answer 27

Endorphins and enkephalins

Question 28

The brainstem is separated anatomically from the spinal cord by an imaginary line through the

Answer 28

foramen magnum

Question 29

area of the brain is critical as a relay station between the cerebrum and the cerebellum

Answer 29

pons

Question 30

The surface of the cerebrum is convoluted into a series of elevated ridges called gyri, separated by shallow depressions called sulci, or even deeper grooves called fissures. What does this allow?

Answer 30

These features increase the surface area of the cerebrum providing more room for the cortical neurons.

Question 31

posterior to the central sulcus and anterior to the parieto-occipital sulcus

Answer 31

parietal lobe

Question 32

posterior to the parieto-occipital sulcus.

Answer 32

occipital lobe

Question 33

part of the brain that houses your personality, your memories, your decision making skills, everything about you that occurs inside your head

Answer 33

neural cortex

Question 34

Two enlargements in the spinal cord

Answer 34

cervical and lumbar

Question 35

1,2,3

Answer 35

reflex arc, dorsal root, ventral root

Question 36

Answer 36

epidural space

Question 37

This layer resemble cobwebs with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) filling all the spaces

Answer 37

arachnoid mater

Question 38

A, B, C, D, and E

Answer 38

A. Lateral ventricles B. Third ventricle C. Cerebral aqueduct D. Fourth ventricle E. Central canal

Question 39

A, B, C, D, and E

Answer 39

A. Lateral ventricles B. Third ventricle C. Cerebral aqueduct D. Fourth ventricle E. Central canal

Question 40

fluid filtered from the blood must be returned to the blood. This occurs in a large vein that runs through the longitudinal fissure of the cerebrum called the

Answer 40

sagital sinus

Question 41

If CSF does not return to the blood, a condition known as ______ can occur

Answer 41

hydrocephalus

Question 42

Answer 42

corpora quadrigemina

Question 43

c, d, e, f

Answer 43

C. Diencephalon D. Mesencephalon E. Pons F. Medulla Oblongata

Question 44

Answer 44

epidural space

Question 45

Answer 45

respiratory centers

Question 46

1, 2, 3, 4

Answer 46

1. Depolarizing 2. Overshoot 3. Repolarizing 4. Resting Potential

Question 47

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Answer 47

1. Terminal of Presynaptic axon 2. Synaptic Vessicle 3. Vesicle Docking site 4. Synaptic cleft 5. Postsynaptic cell

Question 48

1,2,3

Answer 48

1. Presynaptic receptor 2. Autoreceptor 3. Postsynaptic receptor